Unit 5 Lesson 4 单元语法参考学案.docVIP

Unit 5 单元语法参考学案 学习目标： To practise using adverbial clauses. To master the key and difficult points of the adverbial clauses. 一、 时间状语从句 1. when引导的时间状语从句，常译为“当……的时候”，when的从句可以用延续性动词，也可以用点动词。 eg. He was working at the table when I went in. 当我进去的时候，他正在桌旁工作。 Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping. 当我正在睡觉时，有人敲门。 I will visit my good friend when I have time. 当我有空儿时，我将去看望我的好友。 I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai. 当我在上海时，我为一家外国企业工作。 注：when也可以作并列连词，表示一个动词正在进行的时候，突然间发生了另外一件事。 eg. I was fishing by the river, when someone called for help. 我正在河边钓鱼，就在那时有人求救。 We were working in the chemistry lab, when the lights went out. 我们正在化学实验室工作，突然灯都熄灭了。 2. while引导的时间状语从句，常译为“与……同时，在……期间”，while的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的词。 eg. They rushed in while we were discussing problems. 当我们正在讨论问题时，他们冲了进来。 Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games. 当我正在打电子游戏时，爸爸正在清洗汽车。 注：while也可以作并列连词，表转折的关系，相当于but，译为“然而”。 eg. I like listening to music, while my brother likes doing sports. 我喜欢听音乐，而我的兄弟爱好运动。 3. as引导的时间状语从句，常译为“当……的时候，一边……一边”as的从句中可使用延续性动词，也可使用点动词。 eg. He sang as he was working. 他一边工作一边唱歌。 As time goes by, we have a better understanding of things around us . 随着时间的推移，我们对自己周围的事物有了更好的理解。 4. before和after引导的时间状语从句，before强调主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前，而after强调主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。 eg. He had been a cook before he went to college. 他上大学前曾当过厨师。 He called me after he had finished his work. 他在工作完之后给我打了个电话。 注：若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近，那么也可以不用完成时态，例如上面的第二句可改成：He called me after he finished his work. 5. as soon as引导的时间状语从句，译为“一……就……”。 eg. He will go to see you as soon as she gets here. 他一到这里就会去看你。 She got everything ready as soon as she got to school. 她一到学校就把一切都准备好了。 6. since引导的时间状语从句，译为“自从……”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。 eg. We have made many dumplings since we began to cook. 自从我们开始做饭起，我们已经包了许多饺子了。 We haven’t seen each other since we parted. 我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。 注：常用句型：It is +时间段+since从句 译为：自从……有多长时间了。 eg. It is six years since she graduated from the university. 自从她大学毕业已有六年的时间了。 7. till和until引导的时间状