公务员权利救济分析-法律专业论文.docx

I I 摘 要 公务员权利是现代法治国家中一类基本的权利，具有权利基本属性。但是传 统法律理论并未将其作为一种与民事权利、刑事权利地位相同的基本权利对待。 关于公务员权利的救济，一直存在两种不同的理论。一种是大陆法系国家的“特 别权力关系”理论，它强调的是内部救济；一种是英美法系的“正当法律程序保 护利益理论”，它强调的是外部救济。以这两种理论为指导产生出了两种各具特 色的公务员权利救济制度。随着实践的发展，这两种差异逐渐正在缩小，两种理 论与实践也在逐渐趋向融合。然而，我们国家公务员权利的救济还在坚持“特别 权力关系”的理论，这与世界潮流是不相符合的,应当逐步进行改革，将公务员权 利当作一种宪法基本权利，进而顺应法治要求，建立起内部救济和外部救济相结 合的公务员权利救济体系。 关键词：公务员权利;内部救济;外部救济 II II Abstract The right of civil servant is a kind of basic rights in the modern country under the rule of law. It has basic attributes of rights. But the tradional legal theory dosen’t treat it as a basic right equally with civil rights and criminal rights. There are two different theories about relief to rights of civil servant. The one is “the relation of special power” theory in countries which belong to civil law system, and it emphasizes the inside relief; the other is “benefits protected by due process of law” theory in countries which belong to common law system, and it emphasizes the outside relief. And under the construction of above two theories it produced two different relief systems to rights of civil servant. However, as the development of practices, the differences between them are graudually shrunking, and two theories and practices are becoming together. While our country’s relief system to civil servant still adapts “the relation of special power” theory, so it is not suitable to the tide of the world. We should reform gradually and take rights of civil servant as a kind of basic constitutional right. Then we should do things under the requirement of the rule of law, and construct relief system which combines outside relief with inside relief to civil servant. Key words ：right of civil servant；outside relief；Inside relief 湘潭大学 学位论文原创性声明 本人郑重声明：所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得 的研究成果。除了文中特别加以标注引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个 人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集 体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承 担。 作者签名： 日期： 年 月 日 学位论文版权使用授权书 本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意学校 保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版，允许论文被查阅和 借阅。本人授权湘潭大学可以将本学