低成本重金属检测分析装置研制-控制工程专业论文.docx

万方数据 万方数据 摘 摘 要 I 万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 摘 要 随着我国工业化城镇化的快速发展，带有重金属的工业废水、生活污水不断的排 入江河湖泊，重金属污染日益严重，已经严重影响了人们的生命安全。目前重金属污 染已经成为了国内外亟待解决的问题，对于重金属准确有效的检测也引起了社会各界 的高度重视。所以经济实用的重金属检测装置的研究具有非常重要意义。 本课题主要是针对目前市场上大部分的重金属检测设备操作复杂，成本较高，测 量结果随着环境干扰波动较大的问题，研制一套低成本的重金属检测分析装置。本文 主要从硬件和软件两个部分对检测装置进行设计。 首 先 ， 硬 件 部 分 设计 ： 重 金 属 检 测 装 置 主 要 采 用 低 功 耗 增 强 型 的 STM32F103VET6 芯片作为检测装置的核心控制器，实现了各类传感器和硬件驱动模 块的精确控制；重点分析了恒电位仪模块的设计过程；完成了传感器模块驱动电路， 泵阀模块，人机接口，通信模块以及电源管理模块等硬件电路的设计。 然后，软件部分设计：软件主要以 μC/OS-II 为基础，对系统软件进行了层次化 设计；重点对传感器模块数据采集，泵阀模块控制，输入输出控制，上位机通信等各 个功能模块程序进行了详细设计；系统中对采集的数据进行了数字滤波，曲线拟合， 温度补偿等一系列数据处理，并对上位机数据库和用户界面简要设计。 最后，经过大量的实验表明，检测系统稳定性良好，经过数字滤波和温度补偿之 后相对误差降到了 5%以下，检出限和重复性也达到了设计要求，实现了对 Pb2+、Cd2+ 两种重金属的同时测定。 关键词：重金属检测；电化学传感器；溶出伏安法；恒电位仪；温度补偿 I Abstract Abstract With the rapid development of the industrialization and urbanization in our country, the waste water containing heavy metals produced by industries and life were discharged into rivers and lakes constantly, so the heavy metal pollution was becoming more and more serious, and it has affected the safety of peoples life seriously. Heavy metal pollution has currently become a serious problem all the world. Accurate and effective detection of heavy metals has aroused societys high attention. So, the research of developing economic and practical device to detect heavy metal has very important significance. To solve the problem of complicated operation, high cost and unstable measurement of most heavy metal detection devices in the present market, the research aimed at developing a low-cost device to detect and analyze heavy metal. The designs of detection device are mainly from two parts: hardware and software. Firstly, for the design of the hardware part, low-powered and enhanced chip STM32F103VET6 was adopted as core controller of the heavy metal detection device. It has achieved the precise control of various sensors and hardware driver module, analyzed the design process of potentiostat module, and completed the design of all kinds of hard