浅谈用不定式化简英语复合句为简单句方法.docVIP

浅谈用不定式化简英语复合句为简单句方法 　　 句型转换是英语学习中的一项极其重要的练习，也是常考题型之一。英语句型包括：①陈述句变否定句、疑问句；②特殊疑问句（即就句中划线部分提问）；③反意疑问句；④选择疑问句;⑤强调句;⑥感叹句；⑦主动语态与被动语态的互变；⑧简单句与复合句的互变，等等。所有这些句型转换中，学生对复合句与简单句的互变最感困难。本人在三十多年的英语教学实践中，总结出了此类难题的若干种方法，现写出来求教于同行。 　　 1. 化简“It is + adj.{ eg.( unimportant/ ( impossible / ( unnecessary/ natural, etc.} + 主语从句”为“ It is +adj. + for sb.to do sth.”: 　　 ⑴t is important that we should be united as one. It is important for us to be united as one.重要的是我们应该万众一心。 　　 ⑵ It is possible that Jack may get to the railway station on time. It is possible for Jack to get to the railway station on time.杰克或许能按时到达火车站。 　　 2. 化简以关系代词或关系副词whether/ which/ whose/ when/ where/ why, etc.引导的主语从句为It作形式主语，而将“关系代词或关系副词 + 不定式短语”后置： 　　 ⑴ Whose car I should repair first is a question. It is a question whose car for me to repair.我该先修哪辆车是个问题。 　　 ⑵ Which one I should choose is unknown yet. It is unkown yet for me which one to choose. 　　 3. 化简下列动词，如decide/ require/ order/ promise等之后的宾语从句为不定式短语作宾语： 　　 注意：此类动词之后的从句中的谓语动词皆为虚拟语气，须用动词原形（前面省去了情态动词should）。 　　 ⑴They decided that they should go out for picnic the next week. They decided to go out the next week.他们决定下周去郊游。 　　 ⑵ He required that all the members (should) attend the meeting. He required all the members to attend the meeting.他要求所有人员都要参加会议。 　　 ⒋用不定式短语作宾语，化简know之后疑问词，如how/ when/ where/ what/ which/whose/ why等引起的宾语从句：注意：此类宾语从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作均应未发生。 　　 ⑴He didn’t know which bus he should take. He didn’t know which bus to take.他不知道该坐哪辆车。 　　 ⑵He doesn’t know whom he should follow. He doesn’t know whom to follow.他不知道该跟谁走。 　　 5. 用不定式短语化简It seems/ seemed之后的that从句： 　　 ⑴It seemed that he knew all about the matter. He seemed to know all about the matter.他似乎对此事全都了解。 　　 ⑵It seems that you have finished your composition. You seem to have finished your composition.你似乎完成了你的作文。 　　 ⑶It seemed that Jack was writing a novel. Jack seemed to be writing a novel.杰克好象在写一本小说。 　　 ⑷It seemed that the desk had been removed. The desk seemed to have been removed. 桌子好象搬动了。