复杂经济形势下的火电厂运营管理研究-电气工程专业论文.docx

华北电力大学硕士学位论文 华北电力大学硕士学位论文 I I 摘 要 自 2002 年以来,我国电力体制改革已进行十余年，实现了厂网分开、主辅分 离，又起到了独立监管的作用。在这期间，电力行业经历了煤电联动，风力、光 伏发电的大规模发展。政府通过开展试点竞价上网、大用户直供等方式，促使发 电企业适应我国近些年复杂的经济形势，进而实现电力行业的和谐发展。 本课题以蒙东地区某电厂的经营活动作为研究对象，围绕煤电矛盾、风电 大规模上网对火电的影响和厂内设备经济运行管理等几个方面展开研究。从分 析火电厂运营成本着手，借助该厂近年来的经济数据进一步分析煤价对火电厂 利润的影响。并从外部大环境和内部经营两方面讨论火电厂如何实现盈利。最 后通过优化发电机组辅机运行方式、对现有设备进行技术改造以及改善燃料供 应方式等多种方法提高机组效率和可利用率，减少燃料成本，以实现企业利润 最大化的这一经营目标。 关键词：火电厂；成本；电价；运营；分析 II II Abstract Since 2002, Chinas electricity system reform has been going on for over a decade, realizing separation between plant and state grid, between major industry and minor industry, as well as independent supervision. During the decade, the electricity industry experienced price fluctuations of coal and electricity and great progress of wind and photovoltaic power generation. At the same time, the government carried out pilot projects about on-grid price bidding, direct supply for VIP consumers and other methods in order to help power generation enterprises adapt to Chinas complex economic situation in recent years and to realize harmonious development of electricity industry. This study, citing a power plant in eastern Inner Mongolia as an example, is focused on contradiction between coal and electricity, the impact of large scale wind power on thermal power, and economic operation and management of plant equipment. Based on the operation cost, the study further analyzes how coal prices affect the operation cost according to the financial data of recent years. From the aspects of external conditions and internal operation, the study also discusses how a thermal power plant profit. At last, the study looks at the various methods that are used to improve the efficiency and the utilization of generator sets, including optimizing the operation mode of auxiliary generator set, technological modification of the existing equipment, and perfecting fuel supply methods, to finally reach the goal of profit maximization. keywords: thermal