公路交通防减灾预案的研究-交通运输工程专业论文.docx

I II II 摘 要 应急预案是指为确保快速、高效、有条不紊的开展应急行动而制定的应急管理、指 挥、救援方案。公路交通防灾减灾预案的研究，对公路交通应急保障分级及组织指挥责 任划分、应急物资的协同配送、道路抢通方案的制定、灾后恢复等都具有重大意义。 首先，论文在总结国内外关于防减灾预案领域研究成果的基础上，提出以风险管理 和目标控制为基础理论指导公路交通防减灾预案的制定，同时拟定了防减灾预案制定的 原则。 其次，在公路交通破坏模式分析和应急保障分级的基础上,分析了指挥权限划分、 组织体系和指挥手段，论述了公路交通应急硬件与软件资源的储备与配送，并阐明了公 路交通防减灾预案的演练过程和演练目的。 再次，在分析道路抢通时限性、简约性、并行性、高危性特点的基础上，总结了不 同灾害的抢通技术，根据不同的障碍类型将抢通方案划分为结构性毁损抢通方案、障碍 性毁损抢通方案，并以留坝县 S210 山体崩塌抢险救援为实例进行论证。 最后，根据公路交通灾后恢复时间长短，将灾后恢复分为短期恢复、中期修复、长 期恢复重建，对各个阶段公路交通恢复可采取的措施、组织协调、决策过程加以分析， 并以留坝县 S210 山体崩塌为例说明各个阶段所需完成的工作。 关键词：风险管理，公路交通， 防灾减灾， 预案，应急 III III Abstract Contingency scenarios, is a plan devised for crisis management, command, and rescue in response to the possible unexpected public events in order to ensure the contingency action to be taken in a rapid ,efficient and orderly manner. The researches on hazard prevention and mitigation scenarios for highway transportation are of great significance in many aspects, including emergency security classification and organization command means division, collaborative delivery of emergency supplies, establishment of road reopening plan, as well as post-disaster transportation recovery . First of all, the thesis, on the basis of conclusion of domestic and foreign research production of hazard prevention and mitigation scenarios, the development of the hazard prevention and mitigation scenarios of highway transportation based on risk management and objective management is proposed. and meanwhile, drafting the considerable principles in the process of drawing up hazard prevention and mitigation scenarios. Next, based on the classification of highway transportation failure mode and emergency security, the paper analyses the command authority division, organization system and command method, and demonstrate the storage and delivery of emergency hardware and software of highway transportation. It also elaborates the drill process and objective of hazard prevention scenarios for highway transportation. Again, different traffic