葛洲坝水轮机组结构的静力与动力分析研究-工程力学专业论文.docxVIP

华 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 I I 摘 要 安全稳定运行是水轮发电机组长期安全运行的重要保障,许多已经投入运行的水 轮机组出现了振动摆度超标,噪声过大等问题.本文采用有限元法对葛洲坝水轮机组 的顶盖结构进行了模态以及动力响应分析，得到了结构的自振频率和相应的振型以 及顶盖的动力响应特性，为机组的振动研究分析提供了指导和参考。主要进行了以 下工作: (1) 应用有限元软件 ANSYS 结合实际数据建立水轮机组的顶盖以及其下部支 承座的模型,根据实际情况施加适当的边界条件。 (2) 对顶盖进行静力分析,查看模型的变形和刚度; (3) 对顶盖进行模态分析得到自振频率与振型,分析其对机组运转的影响; (4) 根据一些机组的实际运行所测得的数据,利用模拟的转轴对顶盖的冲击时间 载荷对模型进行瞬态动力学分析,得到其动力响应特性。 (5) 对顶盖和支承座接合后的模型进行静力和动力分析,并与单独顶盖时的结果 相比较。 本文对葛洲坝水轮机组的重要部件进行了计算分析,得到的结果科学合理,为水轮 机组的振动研究等方面提供了理论依据及参考。 关键词：水轮机组; 有限元法; 顶盖; 模态分析; 瞬态分析 II II Abstract Whether the hydraulic turbines can be running safely and stably is the safeguard of a long-term safety operation. Many running water turbine units have occurred the phenomenon of extraordinary sway and too big noise. In this article, the work was based on the finite element method for the modal analysis and the transient dynamic analysis of the head cover of the hydropower generator unit. The natural frequencies and corresponding model shapes of vibration, and also the dynamic response characteristics are obtained. It is significant and referential to the vibration research of the units. The following works are accomplished by using the FEA analysis software, ANSYS: Establish the model of the head cover of water turbine units by ANSYS, and adding proper boundary conditions according to the actual case. Accomplished static analysis to the head cover and exam the distortion. Accomplished modal analysis to the model, obtained the natural frequencies and modal shapes of vibration, validated their rationality and studying the harm to normally running of the units. According to the measured data of the running water turbine units, using the simulated time-dependent impacting loads, which are acted on the head cover by rotor shaft, accomplished the transient dynamic analysis of the head cover , and obtained the dynamic response characteristics of it. Accomplished the static and the transient dynamic analysis of the combined model, and compared with the res