浮式风机极限载荷与疲劳载荷对比分析-船舶与海洋工程专业论文.docxVIP

上海交通大学硕士学位论文 上海交通大学硕士学位论文 万方数据 万方数据 III IV 摘要 开发海上风电场发展海上风机已成为坚定不移的趋势。针对海上 风机的设计标准 IEC61400-3 要求对风机进行全面的载荷分析。研究即 根据 IEC61400-3 标准，应用 FAST 软件分别仿真计算张力腿式、半潜 式、Spar 式及驳船式四种浮式风机的极限载荷及疲劳载荷，并进行对 比分析。 针对风机极限载荷，IEC 建议采用统计外推方法进行计算，本文 应用超越门槛值法对 FAST 仿真结果进行数据处理，然后以 Gumbel 分布外推计算风机极限载荷。外推计算需根据 IEC61400-3 设计工况进 行大量的仿真以保证精度。为节省计算成本，本文通过对近海固定式 风机进行仿真计算，分析其极值载荷，得出影响海上风机极限载荷的 主导风速。研究显示对于海上固定式风机，在风速达到额定风速时其 各参数面外载荷达到最大值，而面内载荷则在高风速时达到最大值。 因此在计算浮式风机极限载荷及疲劳载荷时，仅进行额定风速及 高风速海洋环境下的仿真计算。考虑到海洋环境的随机性及每种浮式 风机固有频率，每组风速皆仿真计算三组波浪载荷下风机极限载荷。 而在研究时则主要进行两方面的对比分析——1)：额定风速下四种不 同概念浮式风机之间的对比；2)：以半潜式浮式风机为代表分析不同 I 海洋环境下风机极限载荷与疲劳载荷。 关键字：浮式风机；统计外推；极限载荷；疲劳载荷；对比分析 II Abstract Floating Offshore Wind Turbines (FOWTs) have been developed tremendously, and this thesis covered a comprehensive load analysis of FOWTs based on the design regulations - IEC61400-3. According to the IEC61400-3, and by using FAST software, the ultimate loads and fatigue loads of wind turbines with TLP, Semi-submersible, Spar and Barge platform have been simulated, respectively. Comparisons among the four platforms have also been analyzed. In IEC, it is recommended to use the statistical extrapolation to calculate ultimate loads of FOWTs, and this thesis has applied the POT method to analyze the simulation results from FAST, and then use the Gumbel distribution of extrapolation to calculate FOWTs’ ultimate loads. To keep the accuracy of the results, the extrapolation calculation needs to be taken with massive of simulations under the IEC61400-3 design conditions. By analyzing the simulation of shallow water fixed wind turbines, and calculating their ultimate loads to conclude the effect of main wind speeds which can affect the ultimate loads for FOWTs can save the computational expense. The research results show that for shallow water fixed wind turbines, it can reach the maximum value for each parameter of the out of plane loads when the wind speed is at the rated speed, while the loads in plane reached the maximum value when at high win