风力机塔架结构选型与受力性能研究-结构工程专业论文.docxVIP

Classified Index: TU351 U.D.C: 624.014 Dissertation for the Master Degree in Engineering STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE AND DESIGN OF WIND TURBINE TOWERS Candidate:Shan Lei Candidate: Shan Lei Supervisor: Prof. Wu Y Associate supervisor: Doc. Sun X Academic Degree Applied for: Master of E Specialty: Structural E Affiliation: School of C Date of Defence: June，200 Degree-Conferring-Institution: Harbin Ins ngineering ngineering ivil Engineering 9 titute of Technology 摘要 摘要 风能是一种清洁的永续能源，目前，风力发电逐渐成为全球多个国家可持 续发展战略的重要组成部分，发展迅速。从上世纪 80 年代开始至今，风力机 的性能得到了大幅提高，单机发电能力提高 500 倍，风轮直径达 100m 以上， 塔架高度有的甚至达到 200m。各国的工程设计师不断致力于将风力机结构材 料利用至极限，以期使各种结构愈加轻巧，增加有效载荷，进而获得更大的经 济效益。在风的作用与巨大叶轮的负载下，风力机塔架的合理受力、合理选型 等问题凸显出来。而国内外对相关领域的研究仍处于起步阶段，针对此种现 状，本文借助有限元思想及相关设计分析软件，在系统的分析风力机塔架受力 性能的基础上，对其塔架的合理选型进行了研究。 1、参考高耸结构相关规定，确定风力机塔架选型的基本原则，明确受力 分析方法，得到简化力学模型。 2、利用有限元软件 ANSYS10.0 对圆筒型、格构式风力机塔架进行选型 研究。针对圆筒型塔架，进行优化分析，兼顾经济性及结构合理性，得出不同 高度塔架的宽高比、斜率、顶底径比及径厚比的最佳取值；针对格构式塔架， 对于不同研究侧面建立多组模型，对塔身合理线形（起坡、宽高比、斜率）、 平面选型及腹杆布置进行对比分析，得出各参量最佳取值范围或最佳方案。 3、针对 3MW 级风力机塔架分析进行了圆筒型、格构式塔架设计，以期 为工程实践提供参考。 关键词：风力机；圆筒型塔架；格构式塔架；选型 - I - 哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文 Abstract Wind power is both new and renewable, which has become the important part in the sustainable development strategy for many countries and still keeps developing rapidly. Since 1980s, capacity of wind turbines has grown dramatically, with capacity 500 times than ever before. Meanwhile, diameters of today’s wind turbine rotors reach 100 meters, and their heights are beyond 200 meters. Engineers around the world are consistently dedicated to utilizing the structure materials of wind turbines to the limit, with the aims of lighter structures, higher effective loads, and higher economic efficiency ultimately. Bearing tremendous wind loads and minus loads of rotors, the problem of rational configuration for wind turbine towers naturally arises. However, related research in this field remains remotely immature all over the world. Thus, this dissertation, with the approach of finite element m