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腹腔镜阑尾切除术现状及在老年患者中应用临床价值
腹腔镜阑尾切除术现状及在老年患者中应用临床价值
摘 要 随着人口老龄化的发展,年龄60岁的老年急性阑尾炎患者的发病率呈缓慢上升趋势。老年患者的急性阑尾炎一旦确诊需尽早手术治疗,手术方式有开腹阑尾切除术(OA)和腹腔镜阑尾切除术(LA),前者是经典且较为成熟的手术方式,后者是一项安全有效的手术方式,但在临床实践中,哪种手术方式对老年急性阑尾炎患者较好并如何选择仍存有争议。全文就LA和OA在治疗老年急性阑尾炎患者中的围术期死亡率、术后并发症发生、手术时间、术后排气时间、术后下床活动时间、住院时间和综合治疗费用等进行比较,客观评述LA现状及其在老年患者中应用的临床价值。
关键词 急性阑尾炎;腹腔镜阑尾切除术;阑尾切除术;老年患者
中图分类号:R656.8 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2018)14-0003-05
The current status of the laparoscopic appendectomy and its clinical value in elderly patients
FENG Shaowen, CAI Yuankun, YE Tao, CHEN Wenjie, WANG Huipeng, HAO Zong(Department of General Surgery of Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China)
ABSTRACT: With the development of an ageing population, the incidence of acute appendicitis in elderly patients aged over 60 years is slowly rising. Once acute appendicitis of elderly patients diagnosed, the timely surgical treatment is needed as soon as possible . The operation way is open appendectomy (OA) or laparoscopic appendectomy (LA). The former is a classic and a mature operation method, while the latter is a safe and effective operation method. But which is the best surgical treatment for elderly patients with acute appendicitis and how to choose is still controversial in clinical practice. This review compares a series clinical outcomes of LA and OA in the treatment of elderly patients with acute appendicitis, such as perioperative mortality, postoperative complications, operative time, postoperative exhaust time, postoperative bedtime, length of hospital stay, and comprehensive treatment costs . The current status of LA and its clinical value in elderly patients are also discussed.
KEY WORDS appendicitis ; laparoscopic appendectomy; appendectomy ; elderly patients
目前,中已成为世界上老年人口最多的国家,也是人口老龄化发展速度最快的国家之一,年龄60岁的老年急性阑尾炎患者的发病率亦呈缓慢上升趋势[1]。急性阑尾炎是导致急性腹痛同时需予以外科治疗的多发病之一,在老年群体中的发病率随其人口的增加而提高[2],国内老年急性阑尾炎患者的发病率为2%~4%[3]。老年患者的阑尾炎容易出现穿孔,这是因为老年人腹膜及脂肪组织降低导致抗感染能力减弱,从而造成炎症快速蔓延。另外,老年阑尾炎患者术后出现并发症的概率和死亡率都较高
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