浅谈小学数学教学中思维定势的有效化解.docVIP

摘要 数学思维训练是小学数学教学中不可或缺的重耍部分，《小学数学课程标准》也非常重视思维能 力的提高，可是在现实进行过程中，思维定势的存在直接影响了小学数学课堂教学与小学生的数学 学习，对该现象的有效化解措施亟待研究并实施。 本文首先阐释思维定势的含义、发展及其消极作用，思维定势在心理学上是一种思维的预先准 备趋势，其研宂荠先后得到的成果论证了思维定势的发展历程，而其消极作用远大于积极作用对小 学数学的学习与教学都起到了一定程度的阻碍作用。通过对儿个教学实例的分析论证了思维定势在 小学数学课堂教学中普遍存在的现状。这些现象的产生让思维定势的化解得到了重视，我仔细的研 究之后发现其原因是多方面综合作用的结果，比如：从先后知识的影响、易混知识的比较、正逆向 思维的转化以及教师思维定势的影响等等。发现这些原因之后，我参考/一些有关于有效化解小学 数学中思维定势的文献，而且我也阅读了一些相关书籍，想出了一些对策来解决上而提到的一些问 题，并且本文还提到了一些切实可行的化解策略来提高小学生的数学思维。 关键词：小学数学思维定势 消极作用 化解策略 ABSTRACT The training of mathematical thinking is an indispensable important part in the primary school mathematics teaching. The course standard of primary elementary school mathematics also attaches great importance to the enhancement of thinking ability，but in the real process，the existence of the thinking set has influenced not only the mathematics classroom teaching in primary school but also the mathematics study of primary school students. This phenomenon is of great importance to study and implement the effective resolving measures. This paper first explains the meaning、development and its negative effect of the thinking set. It is a kind of thinking trend ready in psychology，and the researchers who have got results demonstrated the development course. But the negative effects of thinking set is much larger than its positive effects on learning and teaching of primary school mathematics and has played a certain degree of inhibition. Through the analysis of several teaching examples, we can demonstrated that thinking set is very common in the primary school mathematics classroom teaching of the status quo. These phenomena of importance is given to make the mind-set to resolve. I found the reason after careful study is that the result of the comprehensive function are in many aspects，such as from the first effect，easy to some mix knowledge, the reverse thinking transformation and also the influence of teachers’ thinking set and so on. After finding these reasons, I consulted some documents of