河北南和方言音变调查分析-汉语言文字学专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 摘 要 南和县位于河北省邢台市南部、晋语和冀鲁官话的过渡地带，方言属于晋语邯新 片。南和方言的语流音变、特别是部分语法性轻声成分的弱化音变值得深入研究。 本文以南和城关话为主要研究对象，在实地调查的基础上描写了南和方言的单字 音系和连读变调规律，重点考察、分析了语法性轻声成分“儿”缀、“子”缀、助词 “着、了、的、地、得”、方位后置词“上、里”、通用量词“个”的弱化音变表现、 特点及规律，得出以下结论： 第一，“儿”缀在南和方言中已通过持续弱化实现了与前字的合音（儿化），并形 成[?r]、[ur]、[??]三组儿化韵，儿化韵系统的归并程度高于普通话。 第二，“子”缀和动态助词“着”的基本音同为[.t?]，在语流中声母要随前字韵母发 生变化，出现[.d?]、[.t?]、[.t?]三种变体。 第三，动态助词“了”、“V+[.lei]着+处所词”结构中的“着[.lei]”、方位后置词“上”、 “里”、结构助词“的、地、得”都有两个基本音，在语流中都有减音和增音两种音变类 型，减音和增音条件及规律大体相当，并都有向合音发展的趋势。 第四，“个”构成数量短语时读作轻声[.k?]或[.?]；[.?]在与前字连读时会出现增音 或合音等音变，在入声韵后容易保持基本音。 第五，上述语法成分在语义虚化、语音弱化的制约下形成了音变趋同的现象，原 来不同音的两组轻声成分“子”和“着”、“着[.lei]、里、的、地、得”经过历史音变分别 变成了同音词。这些成分在语流中弱化音变及弱化程度的不同表现，也体现了语流音 变与历史音变的关联以及历史音变连续渐变的特点。 关键词 南和方言 语流音变 变调 语法性轻声成分 弱化 Abstract Abstract Nanhe county is located at the south of Xingtai ,Hebei province, it is at the transitional areas between Jin dialects and JiLu Mandarin dialects.Nanhe dialect belongs to hanxin area in the Jin dialects .The sandhi especially the weakened variations of some grammatical elements are worth researching. The article sound as the basic tone Chengguan of Nanhe county, on the basis of field survey description of Nanhe’s individual characters, sandhi tone rules, focuses on analysis the performance, characteristics and regularity of the weakened variations about the grammatical elements of suffix about “er”(儿) 、“zi”(子), auxiliary word “zhe(着)、le(了)、 de(的、地、得)”, location postpositions “shang(上),li(里)”,the measure word “ge(个)”. The dissertation has some relatively valuable conclusions： First, In Nanhe dialect, the Er-suffixation through continuous weakening achieved sound fusion (er-merging) with the former words, and form [?r], [ur], [??] three groups of rolling-up Er-merging, adjust the merging degree more higher than common language. Second, The Zi-suffixation and aspect particle “zhe(着) ”have the same basic sound [.t?],the initial are changed under the influence of final before consonants , generated three variants of [.d?]、[.t?]、[.t?]. Third,Th