《基于最小范数的秩亏自由网平差及变形数据处理》-毕业设计论文（学术).docVIP

沈阳建筑大学 毕业论文 毕 业 论 文 题 目 基于最小范数的秩亏自由网平差及变形数据处理 学院专业班级 土木工程学院 测绘工程08-1班 学 生 姓 名 性别 指 导 教 师 职称 2012年 6月 15日 摘要 随着国民经济的快速发展，高层建筑物越来越多，为了保证建筑物的安全施工与运营，必须进行变形监测。在建筑物的沉降观测中常常会将监测水准网布设成自由网或秩亏自由网。确立水准网重心基准，采用最小范数秩亏自由网平差方法，是秩亏自由网进行监测网稳定分析，从而精确地求出重复观测值的平差值及高程的变化量重要的方法之一，且是最优的，行之有效的。 论文介绍了建立变形监测网建立参考系的目的和意义，说明了选择不同的参考系所计算出的位移值差别很大；论述了最小范数的概念及利用最小范数准则解算的基本原理；为了比较经典自由网平差与秩亏自由网平差解法的特点，在分析秩亏自由网平差方法的基础上应用最小二乘法和最小范数法对同一水准网进行了解算，结果表明最小二乘解不唯一，权逆阵也不唯一，但改正数唯一；最小范数解与最小二乘解的改正数相同且结果唯一；结合实际工程项目对沉降变形监测网数据进行了秩亏自由网平差，求出最小范数解并数据分析得出一些有益的结论，对变形监测数据的处理具有一定的借鉴意义。 关键词：秩亏自由网；最小二乘解；最小范数解；参考系 Abstract With the rapid development of the national economy, more and more high-rise buildings, in order to ensure the safety of the building construction and operations must be carried out deformation monitoring. Building settlement observations often will monitoring the standard of network deployment into the free network or Rank Defect Free Network. Establish the basis of the center of gravity of leveling network, using the minimum norm rank Defect Free Network Adjustment Rank Defect Free Network Monitoring Network stability analysis, in order to accurately calculate the amount of repeated observations of the level difference and elevation changes important method and is the best and effective. The paper introduced the establishment distortion monitoring network establishment reference system goal and the significance, showed the choice different reference system calculates the displacement value difference is very big; Elaborated the smallest norm concept and the use smallest norm criterion resolving basic principle; In order to compare the classical free net adjustment and the rank defect free network solution, shows that the least-squares solution is not unique ,right inverse is not only unique ,but corrections; minimum norm and least-squares solution the same as the number of corrections and the result is unique; Rank Def