Chapter 20Viruses Associated with呼吸道感染病毒.pptxVIP

Chapter 20Viruses Associated with呼吸道感染病毒第一课件网网站 / p257 Categories of respiratory virusesMyxovirus ?orthomyxovirus ?paramyxovirusesSARS coronavirus(SARS Cov) Other respiratory viruses(influenza virus)(measles virus,so.on.)Influenza Virus 流行性感冒病毒? orthomyxovirus(正粘病毒)? pathogen of influenza OutlineBiological PropertiesPathogenicity and ImmunityLaboratory DiagnosisProphylaxis and TreatmentⅠ.Biological Properties1.Shape and structure? Shaped=80-120 nm,spherical? Structuresegmented ㈠ssRNANucleoprotein(NP)RNA-dependent RNA polymerase(易发生基因重组)Viral core(具型特异性, Ag性稳定)(nucleocapsid)Viral envelope? matrix protein (M1) ? lipid bilayer(具型特异性, Ag性稳定) HA and NA ?病毒的表面抗原?具亚型特异性?Ag性不稳而易变membrane protein(M2) spikesStructure of influenza virus segmented ssRNA M1(negative sense,8 or 7 segments)M2Viral envelopmatrix proteinviral coreRNA-dependent RNA polymerasePB2lipid bilayerPB1PAHARNANANPRNPi.e. nucleocapsid Viral core ---- helical nucleocapsid structure of virion(RNA+ NP = RNP) Viral envelope(MP+lipid bilayer+spike) Spikes ? glycoprotein? surface antigen of virus? 2 types: HA and NA* subtype-specific* labile and variable in antigenicityHA1, HA2 function * Hemagglutinin (HA)* Neuraminidase (NA)凝集红细胞 吸附宿主细胞具有抗原性function参与病毒释放 促进病毒扩散 具有抗原性2.Typing and VariationTyping ? type: A,B,C ? subtypes:H1~H15 and N1~N9?Labile and much variable in antigenicity of HA and NA ? Form of variation ? antigenic drift → median or small epidemic of influenza ? antigenic shift → pandemic of influenza (point mutation→variant)(reassortment→form new subtype)3.CultivationEmbryonated eggs inoculationTissue cultureⅡ.Pathogenicity Immunity1.Pathogenicity?route of transmission ?influenza and complication2.Immunity?anti-HA (SIgA important) ?specific CMI (CD4+T/CD8+T cell) ?subtype-specific immunityⅢ.Laboratory Diagnosis1.Isolation of viruses2.Detection of antibody (hemagglutination inhibition test)3.Quick diagnosis (Immunolabelling technique,PCR) Hemagglutinatio