一般过去时与过去进行时的区分.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 4 一般过去时与过去进行时的区分 一．一般过去时叙述旧事，过去进行时描述背景。 Ａ、一般过去时 １）叙述过去状态、动作或事件 　He went to Beijing the other day.（带具体时间） ２）表示过去的习惯 　a) would , used to与过去时 　 would 表间断性不规则的习惯，常带频率时间 　 used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯。可译为“曾经，过去”等。 　 They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words. 　 He smoked a lot two years ago. （过去行为） 　b) Would 用于文中不用于句首，只表过去习惯。 　 used to 表今昔对比的含义，叙述习惯动作可与would 换用。 　 When he was a boy , he would often go there . （叙述过去） 　 She isn’t what she used to be. (今昔对比) 　c) 表示状态时一般只用used to Tom used to be fat / There used to stand a tree there. (状态) 汤姆曾经是胖的 / 从前那里站有一棵树。 　d) was (were) used to + ving表示“合适于，适应于…..” 　 He used to work at night . (“习惯”表经常) 他经常在夜间工作。 　 He was used to working at night. (“习惯”表适应) 他过去习惯于夜间工作。 ３）表示过去的经历，平行动作，依此事件用一般过去时。 　He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此发生) ４）表示客气委婉的语气，用于情态动词，助动词和want , wonder , hope 等 　How did you like the film? / Could you help me? B. 过去进行时 　——表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生 　What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (过去某时刻正在发生) 　——短暂性动词用过去进行时表示按计划、打算 　During that time he was going with us. (表示打算) ——与always ,often ,usually 等连用表喜爱，讨厌等感情色彩。 　He was always Changing his mind. 二、过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 　A. 进行时表某一行为的“片断”一般时表示行为的“整体”和存在的状态。 　I was reading the book at that time. (未读完，“读”的片段) 　I read the book yesterday. (已读完，表整个“读”) 　B、一般持续时间状语多与进行时连用 　It was raining all night.(优先用was raining ,rained 为持续动词，故也可使用) 　He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暂动词与持续时间连用，表反复，连续发生，不可用一般过去时) 　C、while 时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。 　例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down. 　D、While 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时，但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时，两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时，长的用进行时。 　I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行) 　I cooked the dinner while he played the piano. 　I saw him while I was walking to the station. 三、英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时）。 　1)表心理状态、情感的动词，如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用进行时则词意改变。 　I’m forgetting it . (=beginning to forget ) 　2)表存在、状态的动词，如appear ,exist