甜瓜枯萎病拮抗细菌的筛选及大田防效试验.PDFVIP

中国农学通报 2011,27(05):367-371 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 甜瓜枯萎病拮抗细菌的筛选及大田防效试验 田永永，陈 立，谢 云，李茂毅，陈五岭 （西北大学生命科学学院，西安710069 ） 摘 要：此试验旨在从环境中分离甜瓜枯萎病的拮抗细菌，并通过适当的复配进行大田试验，以期为该病 的生物防治提供参考。从大棚甜瓜根际土壤中分离得到116株细菌，利用平板对峙法、管碟法筛选出13 株对甜瓜枯萎病病原菌具有较好拮抗作用的细菌，其中以F- 1 和D-3 的拮抗作用最强。经形态特征和 生理生化鉴定，菌株F- 1和D-3 均属于芽孢杆菌属。大田试验结果表明，F- 1和D-3 发酵液对甜瓜枯萎病 的防效分别达到85.7%和81.6% ，F- 1和D-3 混合发酵液对甜瓜枯萎病的防效达到91.8% ，均极显著地高 于农药组的防效（64.6% ），显示出良好的防治潜力。 关键词：甜瓜枯萎病；拮抗细菌；田间试验 中图分类号：S161.4 文献标志码：A 论文编号：2010-2432 SelectionofAntagonisticBacteriatoMelonFusariumWiltandTheirBiocontrolEffectinFields Tian Yongyong, Chen Li, Xie Yun, Li Maoyi, Chen Wuling (CollegeofLifeSciences,NorthwestUniversity, Xi ′an 710069) Abstract: The research was about to isolate antagonistic bacteria to melon fusarium wilt and detect its effect by field trail, it established a foundation for the biological control. 116 bacterial strains were isolated from rhizosphere soil of melon. Dual culture experiments and cylinder-plate method showed that 13 bacterial strains were of obvious antibacterial activities against the melon fusarium wilt. Among them, strain F- 1 and D-3 were found much more effective than the others. Based on the results of physiological and biochemical properties, both the strains F- 1 and D-3 were Bacillus. When detecting its effect by field trail, fermentation broth of strain F-1 and D-3 reached 85.7% and 81.6%, respectively, the compound fermentation broth of strains F-1 and D-3 reached 91.8% . The test group had significantly higher than the control effect (64.6% ) of 50% carbendazim, a chemical bactericide. The strains showed excellent biocontrol potential in fields. Keywords: