高中定语从句用法归纳.ppt

定语从句常用关系词 关系代词：who, whom, whose, that, which, as等（代替先行词在句中作主、宾、定等成分） 关系副词：where，when, why（在句中作状语） 如何判断用关系代词还是关系副词 以下情况，引导词只能用that，不用which。 1. 当先行词为不定代词everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing。 e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen. 2. 当先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时， 只能用that。 e.g. This is the best book (that) I’ve ever read. He is the first man that greeted me in the school. 3. 先行词被the only，the very，the last 修饰时，只能用that。 e.g. He is the only person that I want to see now. You are the very person that I am looking for. 4.先行词同时指人和指物时，只能用that。 e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then. 5. 当先行词前有all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few等词修饰时，只能用that。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 限制性定语从句对被修饰词起到限制、修饰的作用，一般不可缺少。 非限制性定语从句起补充、附带说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解。 限制性定语从句所修饰的词代表一个或一类特定的人或事物，该种从句是不能去掉的，否则剩下的部分就没有了意义，不能说清楚问题。 eg: He is the man who wants to see you. 该从句为限制性定语从句，把定语从句去掉只剩下He is the man,没有任何意义。后面的定语从句是修饰和限定前面的先行词的，使其具有一定的意义，故不能去掉。 非限制性定语从句则不然，它只对所修饰的词做进一步说明和修释，使意思更加清晰明白，去掉之后主句仍然成立，仍然有意义。 而且非限制性定语从句与主句之间有个明显标志：即用逗号将其隔开。 eg: Mr. Smith, who was my first English teacher, retired last week. 该句中的非限制性定语从句去掉之后不影响主句的意义成立，但有了它，可使主句的意义更加清晰明白。 ★注意：非限制性定语从句的引导词不能用that ( 切记！) 以下情况，关系词只能用which,不用that。 引导非限制性定语从句时； 引导词前有介词时； 一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一 个用that引导，另一个用which引导； He bought a book that could give him much knowledge and which could help him to kill the time. 注意：当those作为先行词指人时，通常 只能用who引导； 由as 引导定语从句 由as 引导的定语从句，翻译成“正如”。其先行词是the same, such, 或被the same, such所修饰的先行词。 Many of the sports are the same as they were when they started. The result was not such as he expected. 试比较： This is the same umbrella as I lost yesterday. This is the same umbrella that I lost yesterday. as引导的非限制性定语从句可放在句首、句 中、句尾，而which在引导非限制性定语从句 时不能放在句首,只能放在句中和句尾。 1. As is known to all, Taiwan belong s to China. 2. Taiwan belongs to China, which is known to all. 3. The earth, as is known to all, is round. as引导的非限制