植物学及园艺学英文版 botany and horticulture (16).ppt

1-3?Studying Life Characteristics of Living Things Characteristics of Living Things : made up of cells reproduce based on a universal genetic code grow and develop use materials and energy respond to their environment maintain a stable internal environment change over time Characteristics of Living Things Living things are made up of cells. A cell is the smallest unit of an organism that can be considered alive. Characteristics of Living Things Living things reproduce. In sexual reproduction, cells from two different parents unite to form the first cell of the new organism. In asexual reproduction, a single parent produces offspring that are identical to itself. Characteristics of Living Things Living things grow and develop. During an organism’s development, cells differentiate and perform different functions. Characteristics of Living Things Living things are based on a universal genetic code. Organisms store the information they need to live, grow, and reproduce in a genetic code in a molecule called DNA. Characteristics of Living Things Living things obtain materials and use energy. Metabolism – sum of all chemical activity in cells. Characteristics of Living Things Living things respond to their environment. A stimulus is a signal to which an organism responds. Characteristics of Living Things Homeostasis - maintaining a stable internal environment. Ex) Temp, pH Characteristics of Living Things Taken as a group, livings things change over time. Over many generations, groups of organisms typically evolve. Big Ideas in Biology Big Ideas in Biology Science as a Way of Knowing The job of science is to use observations, questions, and experiments to explain the natural world. Big Ideas in Biology Interdependence in Nature All forms of life on Earth are connected together into a biosphere. The relationship between organsims and their enviroment depends on both the flow of energy and the cycling of matter. Big Ideas in Biology Matter and Energy Life’s most basic req