临床检验质量控制发展简史1.PPTVIP

2000San Francisco. * Shewhart quotes Both pure and applied science have gradually pushed further and further the requirements for accuracy and precision. However, applied science, particularly in the mass production of interchangeable parts, is even more exacting than pure science in certain matters of accuracy and precision.“ Shewhart links Lucent Technologies - Shewhart page American Society for Quality - Shewhart page Famous mathematicians - Walter Shewhart * first discussed the concept of PDCA in his 1939 book, Statistical Method from the Viewpoint of Quality Control, PDCA Cycle (Plan Do Check Act) or the Deming Wheel * 每天做2个控制品的检测,只要有控制值超出13S限值的即可确定为失控. * 每天只做一个控制品的检测,只要有控制值超出12S限值的即可确定为失控 * 稳定(固有)误差. * 12s refers to the control rule that is commonly used with a Levey-Jennings chart when the control limits are set as the mean plus/minus 2s. In many laboratories, this rule is used to reject a run when a single control measurement exceeds a 2s control limit. 13s corresponds to a Levey-Jennings chart having control limits set as the mean plus/minus 3s. An analytical run is rejected when a single control measurement exceeds a 3s control limit. * 1）????? 10 连同出现12S警告的这个结果，另外还有两个控制品的结果，在前几批及本批结果中，有连续10次在的一侧。属系统误差表现，失控。 * Dr. Westgard is a Professor in the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at the University of Wisconsin and Director of Quality Management Services for the Clinical Laboratories at the University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics. He teaches in the Medical Technology Program and has served as Program Director in the past. He is also co-founder and president of Westgard QC, Inc.? 3)将所有规则以符号表示，便于使用。如写成12S，写成13S等。 12s：1个质控测定值超过X±2s 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 +3S +2S +1S 均值 -1S -2S -3S 12S规则示意图 12S 规则 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 +3S +2S +1S 均值 -1S -2S -3S 13S 失控规则 13S失控规则示意图 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 +3S +2S +1S 均值 -1S -2S -3S 22S 失控规则 22S失控规则示意图 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 +3S +2S +1S 均值 -1S -2S -3S R4S 失控规则 R4S失控规则示意图 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 +3S +2S +1S