定语从句重点关注的要点总结.docxVIP

定语从句重点关注的要点 1．选择关系代词和关系副词的三个原则 (1)根据所引导的从句的限制性和非限制性； (2)根据所替代的先行词是指人还是指物； (3)根据关系词在从句中所充当的成分。 若从句中缺主语、宾语、定语或表语，则用关系代词；若从句中缺状语，则用关系副词。 2．牢记定语从句的特殊用法 看到先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如point，situation，case，stage等，若引导词在从句中作状语，则常用关系副词where引导定语从句；若不作状语，则常用关系代词that/which。 3．熟记as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 (1)位置不同 as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。 (2)含义不同 as意为“正如……”，后面的谓语动词多是see，know，expect，say，mention，report，announce等；which意为“这一点”。 4．“介词＋关系代词”中介词的选择原则 (1)根据介词与定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配； (2)根据介词与前面先行词的习惯搭配； (3)根据介词与定语从句中形容词的习惯搭配； (4)在非限制性定语从句中表“所有关系”或“整体中的一部分”时常用介词of。 5．巧辨定语从句与其他从句 (1)定语从句与名词性从句的区别 定语从句前必须有先行词，先行词通常为名词或代词；名词性从句除同位语从句外，前面均无名词或代词。 (2)定语从句与同位语从句的区别 二者前通常都有名词或代词，但定语从句起修饰、限定作用；同位语从句 起解释、说明作用；引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；而引导同位语从句的that在从句中不作成分。 (3)非限制性定语从句与并列句的区别 若前后句之间有and，but，so等并列连词或分号等，则为并列句；若只有逗号，且逗号后的内容是对前面某一名词或句子的补充说明，则为非限制性定语从句。 【真题感悟】 1．(2015?新课标全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings. 2．(2015?广东高考语法填空)When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market ________ people from the towns met regularly. 3．(2014?新课标全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit _________ is driving your family crazy. 4．(2013?广东高考语法填空)Nick’s guests, _____ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. 5．(2015?江苏高考改编)The number of smokers, ___is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 6．(2015?四川高考改编)The books on the desk, _______ covers are shiny, are prizes for us. 7．(2015?陕西高考改编)As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time ________ he should be able to be independent. 8．(2015?重庆高考改编)He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of _______ were published in the 1990s. 9．(2016?高考全国乙卷语法填空)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s，____