澳洲大学石油工程讲座2.3-continuous-flow-gas-lift-rev-feb-2007.pptVIP

Copyright Rike Service, Inc., 2005 Surface pressure and flow rates constant after stabilized flow reached Flowing bottom-hole pressure constant for constant gas injection rate Production rate depends on constant flowing bottom-hole pressure being below the reservoir pressure Pressure gradient in tubing changes significantly below point of gas injection (working valve), Fig. 2 Gas-liquid ratio can be changed by operator Point of gas injection can be changed (within limits) High producing capacity, high formation pressure wells If producing capacity too low, well should be placed on intermittent gas-lift Formation pressure must be great enough to work against pressure in tubing due to injected gas Minimum gradient for continuous flow = .100 to .150 psi/ft. Pressure gradient cannot be lowered by gas injection to TD of completion interval Gradient below working valve as high as 0.45 psi/ft. For overall average gradient of .150 psi/ft, pressure drop in tubing is 1,500 psi for 10,000 ft. well Wells producing sand Open (Figure 3) Figure 3:Open Semi-closed (Figure 4) Semi-closed (Figure 4) Figure 4:Semi-Closed Closed Closed Closed Figure 5 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Unloading a gas-lift well Continues until working valve uncovered and all other valves are closed Unloading valves reduce gas pressure needed to get dead fluid out of well to operating depth, using only gas lift system Gas-lift valves in continuous flow wells See Figure 7 Operating valve always open Valve opening should adjust for changing well conditions Gas-lift valves in continuous flow wells Increase in pressure in tubing at working valve should cause valve to open wider (Fig. #8) Pressure gradient above the valve has increased (caused by WOR increase, producing GLR decrease, etc.) More gas needed to lighten the gradient Gas-lift valves in continuous flow wells Pressure decrease in tubing at the valve should cause valve to throttle Pressure gradient above valve has decreased (caused by d