现代养猪营养规划创新及发展,佩卓·尤罗拉,美国明尼苏达大学.pdfVIP

Innovation and Development of Modern Nutritional Programs 现代动物营养实践:革新与发展 Pedro E. Urriola and Gerald C. Shurson Department of Animal Science University of Minnesota 动物科学系 明尼苏达大学 Pigs require nutrients on a daily basis 猪营养物质日需求量 All feed ingredients are “packages of nutrients” of varying composition and value 所有饲料原料都相当于一个营养库，而其中的不 同营养素组成和比例具有变异性 If feeding adding a feed ingredient to the diet results in suboptimal performance… 如果日粮中添加某种原料导致生长性能下降 …it generally means that inaccurate energy and digestible nutrient estimates were used in feed formulation 这往往意味着该原料的有效能值和可消化养分估计 不准确 …or an antinutritional factor was not identified 或者存在未知抗营养因子 Goals of Nutrition营养学的目标 • Supply pigs with optimal amount of nutrients 为猪提供最佳（数量） 的营养素→ – Get the “right” amount of nutrients to the “right” pigs at the “right” time 在正确的时间为正确的猪提供正确数量的营养素 – Nutrient requirements are dynamic, they change with gender, age, production conditions营养需要是动态的，它随性别，年龄和生产条 件而变化 • Match nutrients in feed ingredients with requirements • 饲料原料中的营养素精确地满足动物实际需要 Nutrients in ingredients原料中的营养素 Nutrient requirements营养需要 Rising feed ingredient prices requires focusing on nutritional efficiency 随着饲料原料价格上涨，提高原料营养价值越来越 受到关注 Ingredient Mcal $/MT $/100 Mcal $/MT $/100 Mcal % Increase 原料 NE/kg (2005) (2005) (2012) (2012) 增加 兆卡净能 /kg Corn玉米 2.67 65 2.7 298 12.3 456 Soybean meal豆粕