applicatio肝ns_taxation.pptVIP

8 Application: The Costs of Taxation Application: The Costs of Taxation Welfare economics is the study of how the allocation of resources affects economic well-being. Buyers and sellers receive benefits from taking part in the market. The equilibrium in a market maximizes the total welfare of buyers and sellers. Figure 1 The Effects of a Tax How a Tax Affects Market Participants 税收在买者支付的价格和卖者得到的价格之间打入了一个楔子。 A tax places a wedge between the price buyers pay and the price sellers receive. 由于这种税收楔子，销售量低于没有税收时应该达到的水平。 Because of this tax wedge, the quantity sold falls below the level that woul