拉枝角度对SH1矮化中间砧.PDFVIP

中国农学通报 2017,33(10):78-82 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 拉枝角度对‘SH1’矮化中间砧‘富士’ 苹果幼树生长和结果的影响 蔡华成，王芸芸，杨廷桢，王 骞，高敬东，李春燕，杜学梅，弓桂花 （山西省农业科学院果树研究所/果树种质创制与利用山西省重点实验室，太原030031） 摘 要：旨在为‘SH1’矮砧‘富士’提供幼树树形管理的科学依据。本研究以4 年生‘SH1’矮砧‘富士’为 试材，通过70°、90°、120° 3 种拉枝角度的处理，探讨不同拉枝角度对苹果幼树生长和结果的影响。结果 表明：拉枝角度120°时叶片光合速率最大，且与其他2 个处理差异显著(P ＜0.05) ；拉枝角度90°时叶绿素 a 、叶绿素b 和总叶绿素含量最高、叶片厚度、百叶重最大，与其他2 个处理差异显著(P ＜0.05) ；拉枝角度 90°时的冠下光合间接辐射最大，拉枝角度120°时株间光合间接辐射、光合直接辐射和叶面积指数均最 大；拉枝角度90°时长枝的长度、粗度最大，中枝粗度最大，拉枝角度120°时中枝长度最长；拉枝角度90° 时果实单果重、果形指数、可溶性固形物含量、硬度均最大。综合考虑树体生长势和果实品质等因素， 90°为‘SH1’矮砧‘富士’枝条适宜的拉枝角度。 关键词：苹果；拉枝角度；‘SH1’矮化中间砧；生长；结果 中图分类号：S661.1 文献标志码：A 论文编号：cas EffectofBranchAngleonGrowthandFruitof‘Fuji’AppleTreesin‘SH1’DwarfingInterstock CaiHuacheng,WangYunyun,YangTingzhen,WangQian,GaoJingdong, LiChunyan,DuXuemei,GongGuihua (PomologyInstitute,ShanxiAcademyofAgriculturalSciences/ ShanxiKeyLaboratoryofGermplasmImprovementandUtilizationinPomology,Taiyuan030031) Abstract:Thepaperaimsto provideascientificbasisforthemanagementof ‘Fuji’treesgraftedon ‘SH1’ dwarfinterstock.Inthisstudy, 4-year-old ‘Fuji’on ‘SH1’dwarfinginterstock wastaken asmaterials, brancheswerebent 70°, 90°, 120°todeterminephotosyntheticcharacteristics,chlorophyllcontent,tree canopystructure,shootgrowthandfruitqualityfactors.Theresultsshowedthatthephotosyntheticratewasthe maximumwhenthebranchangle was 120°,andwassignificantlydifferentfrom theothertwotreatments(P 0.05).Thechlorophylla,chlorophyllbandtotalchlorophyllcontentwerethehighestand theleafthickness and 100leavesweightwerethelargestwhenthebranchanglewas90°,andweresignificantlydifferentfromthe othertwotreatments(P0.05).Thephotosyntheticindirectradiationoftreecrownwasthebes