《OrthopaedicTraction》-公开·课件设计.pptVIP

Orthopaedic Traction General Considerations Safe and dependable way of treating fractures for more than 100 years Bone reduced and held by soft tissue Less risk infection at fracture site No devascularization Allows more joint mobility than plaster Disadvantages Costly in terms of hospital stay Hazards of prolonged bed rest Thromboembolism Decubiti Pneumonia Requires meticulous nursing care Can develop contractures History Skin traction used extensively in Civil War for fractured femurs Known as the “American Method” Skeletal traction by a pin through bone introduced by Steinmann and Kirschner Beds And Frames Standard bed has 4-post traction frame Ideal bed for traction with multiple injuries is adjustable height with Bradford frame Mattress moves separate from frame Beds and Frames Bradford frame enables bedpan and linen changes without moving pt Alternatively bed can be flexible to allow bending at hip or knee Knots Ideal knots can be tied with one hand while holding weight Easy to tie and untie Overhand loop knot will not slip Knots A slip knot tightens under tension Up and over, down and over, up and through Head Halter traction Simple type cervical traction Management of neck pain Weight should not exceed 5 lbs initially Can only be used a few hours at a time Outpatient head halter traction Used to train neck pain and radicular symptoms from cervical disc disease Device hooks over door Face door to add flexion Use about 30 min per day Weight 10-20 lbs Cervical skeletal traction Used to treat the unstable spine Pull along axis of spine Preserves alignment and volume of canal Gardner-Wells and Crutchfield tongs commonly used Gardner Tongs Easy to apply Place directly cephalad to external auditory meatus In line with mastoid process Just clear top of ears Screws applied with 30 lbs pressure Gardner Tongs Pin site care important Weight ranges from 5 lbs for c-spine to about 20 lbs for lumbar spine Excessive manipulation with placement must be avoided Poor pla