静态动词与动态动词.pptVIP

动态动词与静态动词 动态动词：1. 表示持续动作，可用于进行、非进行体：talk, run, sleep, wait 2. 表示改变或方位移动，可用于进行、非进行体：come, go, arrive, leave, reach, turn, become, get, grow, change 3.表示短暂动作。但要注意，用于过去一般时，表示一次性短暂动作；用于过去进行时，表示该动作的重复 静态动词： 表示一种状态，通常用于非进行体；若用进行体，语义不同. 1. be, have 2. 含有be和have 意义的词，如 apply to, belong to, differ from, cost, weight, measure, fit, hold, lack, resemble 3. 表示感觉的动词：feel, hear, see, smell, taste 4. 表心理或情感状态的动词：believe, assume, consider, detest, fear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, prefer, remember 静态动词用于进行体时，则成了动态动词，意义有所不同：He’s being polite today. They were having a party. He is resembling his father. The chef is tasting the soup. Please be quiet. I’m thinking. I’m hoping you can make an exception to the children. 动词的时、体、态 1. 两种时间：现在和过去 2.两种体：进行体和完成体 3. 结合： 现在：一般，进行，完成，完成进行 过去：一般，进行，完成，完成进行 4. 语态：主动和被动; be型被动态和get型被动态 一般现在时 1. 表示不受时限的客观存在（真理、格言、科学事实等） 2. 表示习惯性经常性的动作 3. 表示现时的状态和现在瞬间动作：What’s the matter with you? You look pale. / What do you think? 常用于体育的现场报道、戏法表演、操作演示的解说词中（见教材） 也用于一些习惯性的用法中：I declare the conference open. / I wish you all the best. 4. 用于将来时间： 1） I hope / I bet 后的分句中：I hope you have a good time (=I hope you will have a good time). / I bet it rains tomorrow (=I bet it will rain tomorrow). 2) see to it / make sure / make certain 后的分句中：Make sure that the equipment is disconnected from the power. 3) If it rains tomorrow, I’ll … 5. 表示过去时间：这类动词有hear, learn, tell, say, gather 等：I hear that a big shot is coming to our university. She tells me you’re entering for the competition / examination. 历史现在时：p. 127 一般过去时 1. 表示过去一次性或习惯性动作：p. 128 2. 表示现在和将来： 1）want, hope, think , wonder等几个动词用于过去时可表示委婉语气：I wondered if you could spare me a few minutes. / I hoped you could come here. Suppose we lunched on porridge made with lean meat and preserved egg? 2) 用于某些固定结构中：I wish the Campus were not so far away from GZ. / It’s high time that you went to bed. / If only I had enough money now./ He looks as if he was ill. / He treats the children as if they were his own.