电动胶辊旋转式油茶果采摘执行器设计与试验-农业机械学报.PDF

20 18 年9 月 农 业 机 械 学 报 第49 卷 第9 期 doi:10.6041/ j.issn.1000鄄1298.2018.09.013 电动胶辊旋转式油茶果采摘执行器设计与试验 饶洪辉摇 张立勇摇 黄登昇摇 陈摇 斌摇 刘木华 (江西农业大学工学院,南昌330045) 摘要:油茶果机械化采摘是目前亟待解决的难题,其中花苞损伤又成为机械采摘难以克服的问题。 设计了一种电 动胶辊旋转式油茶果采摘执行器,分析了胶辊机构采摘油茶果的过程和原理,得到了油茶果碰撞脱落的临界条件。 通过对采摘头回转架组件参数设计,确定了回转架组件上对辊间距有效调节范围为20~65mm,初步拟定回转架转 速范围为20~40r/ min。 在江西农业大学油茶林进行了油茶果采摘试验,并对电动胶辊旋转式油茶果采摘执行器 作业中油茶花苞损伤进行了研究。 结果表明:当胶辊直径为30mm,间距为25mm,胶辊旋转速度为30r/ min,胶辊 线速度为0郾833m/ s时,直径大于25mm 的油茶果能全部被采摘,漏采率为13郾6%,且未开的花苞未见明显损伤。 关键词:油茶果;采摘;电动;执行机构 中图分类号:S225郾93 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000鄄1298(2018)09鄄0115鄄07 Design and Test of Motor鄄driven Picking Actuator of Camellia Fruit with Rotate Rubber Roller RAO Honghui摇 ZHANG Liyong摇 HUANG Dengsheng摇 CHEN Bin摇 LIU Muhua (College of Engineering,JiangxiAgricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China) Abstract:It isadilemmato solvethepickingmechanizationof camelliafruit inthecamelliaindustry,of which camellia bud damage is a bottleneck. A motor鄄driven picking actuator of camellia fruit with rotate rubber roller wasdeveloped. The principle of camelliafruit picking by rotate rubber roller wasanalyzed. The interaction between camelliafruit and rotate rubber roller can be summarized ascontact,impact and abscission during the process of camellia fruit picking by rotate rubber roller, through which corresponding forceswere derived and the critical condition of camellia fruit爷s falling off was obtained. By analyzing the parameters of swinging strut of picking head,the efficient adjustable range between upper and lower rubber roller of swinging strut was designed as from 20 mm to 65 mm, and the preliminary rotate speed was proposed from20r/ min to40r/ min. Tests of camellia fruit picking and its bud