定语从句用法要点.docVIP

定语从句用法要点 一、关系代词与关系副词辨析 定语从句的考查主要集中在引导词的确定上。准确判断引导词在定语从句中所作的成分是选择引导词的关键。关系代词that, which, who, whom在从句中作主语和宾语，作宾语时可省略；关系副词where, when, why在从句中作状语；whose在定语从句中作定语，起限定作用。 下面，请大家用适当的引导词填空，完成下列句子。 1. I’ll never forget the days _____ I worked together with you on the farm. 2. I’ll never forget the days _____ I spent together with you on the farm. 3. What’s the reason _____ he gave for his failure in the last exam? 4. Do you know the reason _____ he failed in the last exam? 5. Do you know the woman _____ son went to college last year? 6. The house, _____ roof was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired. 7. Beijing, _____ is the capital of China, is the host of the 2008 Olympic Games. 8. Beijing, _____ he studied two years ago, is the host of the 2008 Olympic Games. 二、“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常由“介词+关系代词”引导。介词后的关系代词主要是which和whom，间或是whose，但不能是that。有时，介词前可有数词、代词、形容词比较级或最高级修饰。 下面，请大家根据汉语提示，用定语从句完成下列句子。 1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____ (她可以求助). 2. The boss, _____ (我妈妈在他的公司工作), is a warm-hearted young man. 3. We arrived at a farmer’s house, _____ (房子后面有一块麦田). 4. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, _____ (其中80%销往国外). 5. The old man has three children, _____ (其中两个是大学老师). 6. There are seven continents in the world, _____ (其中最大的是亚洲). 三、限制性和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的修饰部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句用来对主句内容作补充、解释或附加说明，和主句的关系不十分密切，没有它，主句意思仍然完整。非限制性定语从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。注意：关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句；在非限制性定语从句中即使关系代词which, whom在从句中作宾语，也不能省略。 下面，请大家把下列句子译成汉语，并分析、比较其意义的不同。 1. My brother who is an engineer is 25 years old. 2. My brother, who is an engineer, is 25 years old. 3. Mr. Smith, who used to be my English teacher, will retire next month. 4. The teacher who used to teach me English will retire next month. 四、定语从句中的主谓一致 关系代词作主语时，定语从句中谓语动词要与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。注意：当先行词是one of ...时，定语从句中谓语动词用复数；当先行词是the one of ...或the only one of ...时，从句中谓语动词用单数。 下面，请大家用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Those who _____ (want) to go to the film tonight please sign here. 2. He