山东省大蒜腐霉根腐病初步研究-植物病理对学专业毕业论文.docxVIP

AbstractThe Abstract The Pythium root rot of garlic occurred in most garlic-growing areas of the Shandong Province， causing considerable financial losses，and the disease wasn’t been reported at home and abroad．The garlic was infected in the seedling stage and directly affected production．The pathogens cause plants dwarf, leaves bottom-up yellowed，root and basal part of stem discolored and rot． Fifty samples of root rot of garlic were collected from the five counties in Shandong Province． According to the Koch’S postulates，the main pathogen was identified Pythiutn，the isolated frequency was 46．78％，and 12 pathogens were obtained．Based the morphological identification and ITS sequence alignment，the pathogens were identified Pythium sylvaticum CompbeH＆Hendrix，Pythium heterothallicum Compbell＆Hendrix，Pythium paroecandrum Drechsler and Pythmm violae Chesters Hickman，two were Pythium sp．among 12 pathogens．The biological studies suggested that the optimum temperature Was 20-25C and the optimum pH was 6-7 for the mycelial growth of Pythium．In garlic field， quantity of Pythium changed with the temperature and humidity of soil．rhe 12 varieties of garlic from different were inoculated by 8 pathogens．The results showed that the garlic varieties of 03—1-kun， Dongping and Sulian-2 were resistant，Jinxiang and Jinsuan-2 were susceptibled．In addition，the inhibitory effection of 8 fungicides the mycelial growth of Pythium was investigated．Ovraclostrobin-metiram had exhibited the highest inhibitory action to eythium，the median inhibitory concentration was 2．612 mg／L． Famoxadone-cymoxanil，Cymoxanil-mancozeb，Copper hydroxide and Mancozeb showed better inhibition of the Pythium．Screening of fungicides in the field，Ovraclostrobin—metiram and Copper calcium sulphate were better than others，their control efficiency were 91．86％and 81．46％，respectively． Key words：garlic，Pythium，root rot，pathogen identification，resistance，chemical control II 独创性：声明本人声明所呈交的论文是我个人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。 独创性：声明 本人声明