跳远前旋角动量研究-南京师范大学学报.PDF

第37卷第2期 南京师大学报(自然科学版) Vol.37 No.2 2014年6月 JOURNAL OF NANJING NORMAL UNIVERSITY(Natural Science Edition) June,2014 詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨詨 跳远前旋角动量研究 1 2 石摇 磊 ,陈摇 亮 (1.天津师范大学体育科学学院,天津300387) (2.天津体育学院运动生物力学实验室,天津300381) [摘要]摇 运用录像解析法对跳远运动员起跳过程中导致身体前旋角动量的变化进行定量分析.研究发现,运动 员着板—垂直支撑阶段由于制动力的作用,使人体产生向前翻转的角动量,且增长幅度较大.通过垂直支撑面后 制动力转变为动力,由于偏心力矩的作用,角动量出现一定的增加或减小,但幅度较小;运动员的实际成绩和理 论成绩的差值与离板时身体前旋角动量成正相关,说明减小起跳离板时的前旋角动量有助于维持身体在空中的 平衡,从而能够更有效地利用身体质心抛物线所能达到的距离,提高跳远成绩. [关键词]摇 跳远,起跳,前旋,角动量 [中图分类号]G823.3摇 [文献标志码]A摇 [文章编号]1001-4616(2014)02-0140-05 Study on the Angular Momentum of Forward Rotation of the Long Jump 1 2 Shi Lei ,Chen Liang (1.School of Sports Sciences,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin300387,China) (2.Biomechanics of Sports Laboratory,Tianjin University of Sports,Tianjin300381,China) Abstract:Basedonthequantitativeanalysistowardsthechangingcharacteristicsoftheangularmomentumwhenthelong jumpers are turning around the centreof masshorizontal axisintheprocessof thetake鄄off by video analysismethod,the studyfindsthatinfluencedbythebreakingforce,thebodygetstheangularmomentumofturningforwardinthestagefrom touching down totheverticalsupportinlongjump,andtherateofgrowingisverylarge.Afterpassingthroughthevertical support surface,the breaking force changes to the motivate power,as it is affected by the moment of eccentric force,the angular momentum increasesordecreases,butinasmallrange;thedifferencebetweentheactualachievementandtheory a