四种壳色马氏珠母贝群体遗传多样性分析和分子标记研究-水产养殖学专业论文.docxVIP

28差异条带，2个黄壳色马氏珠母贝群体引物标记，引物4l差异条带和引物70 28差异条带，2个黄壳色马氏珠母贝群体引物标记，引物4l差异条带和引物70 差异条带。它们分别可作为鉴定红、黄壳色马氏珠母贝新品系的分子标记，为其 种质鉴定提供分子理论基础。 3、采用SNP分子标记技术，在四种壳色马氏珠母贝群体酪氨酸酶基因编码 片段的887bp．1571bp之间，共筛选出22个SNP突变位点，3个缺失位点，平均 每100个碱基序列中就有3．6个碱基发生突变。944bp缺失A、945bp缺失C、 946bp缺失c，缺失后的序列重新组合后与NCBI数据库中的酪氨酸酶基因序列 相比，正好缺失了一个脯氨酸。22个SNP位点均为二等位基因型，6个非同义 突变，16个同义突变，14个转换，8个颠换。研究结果显示： (1)四种壳色马 氏珠母贝群体与NCBI数据库中克隆酪氨酶基因的马氏珠母贝群体有明显差异， 不是同一群体。(2)经多重比较发现，不同SNP位点在四种壳色马氏珠母贝群 体中具有不同程度的显著差异性。筛选获得14个SNP位点可作为鉴定红壳色群 体的分子标记。白壳色与黑壳色群体鉴定标记有6个。白壳色与黄壳色群体鉴定 标记有3个。黑壳色与黄壳色群体鉴定标记有1个。这几个分子标记可用本课题 组选育的四种壳色马氏珠母贝群体的种质鉴定。(3)22个SNP位点在四种壳色 群体中信息多态性(P，C)范围：0．012-0．3749，平均值是0．2922，20个位点极 显著偏离哈迪温伯格平衡(尺0．01)。遗传多样性较低，群体壳色纯化程度较高。 (4)四种壳色马氏珠母贝群体的酪氨酸酶基因相对表达量差异不显著(尸O．05)。 关键词：马氏珠母贝、遗传多样性、壳色标记、酪氨酸酶基因、SNP位点筛选 Ⅱ 万方数据 Researchs Researchs on the Genetic Diversity Analysis and Molecular Markers of Four Shell Color Populations Abstract Pinctada martensii is also called Pinctada fucata，which can product the sea pearl one of the important economic shellfish in country．It be maked as the shellfish meat and product the pearls that south sea pearls is famous in the world． In recent years，due to the deterioration of environmental conditions well as unscientific aquaculture breeding way leads to the degeneration of germplasm resources，the yield and quality decline of pearls，enterprise economy severely damaged，SO it’S urgent need for the researchs on the genetic diversity analysis， optimized selection，genetic improvement，the breeding using molecular markers and the protection of its germplasm resources in pinctada martensii．We adopted the molecular marker technologies such as the expressed sequence tag microsatellite markers(ESToSSR)，the sequence related amplified polymorphism markers (SRAP—eDNA)and the single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)to analyzes the genetic diversity,screen the molecular markers and the SNP locis about the tyrosinase gene related with the shell colors，and measure the different expression amounts of tyrosinase gene in four shell col