基于表示定理的自由地表与核幔边界地形起伏研究-固体地球物理学专业论文.docxVIP

优秀毕业论文 精品参考文献资料 摘要摘要 摘要 摘要 地貌学与地震学研究表明，自由地表与核幔边界，作为地球最重要的两个分 界面存在着各种尺度的地形起伏。它们的起伏成因往往与地貌演化或地幔对流等 过程联系紧密，因此，探测两大界面的起伏特征具有十分重要的动力学意义。 我们观测到智利深震在LVC台站的波形中出现了难以用一维速度结构所解 释的疑似面波震相。我们从到时、慢度和极化特征等角度判定该震相为Rayleigh 面波，定位结果暗示了S．Rayleigh的转换机制且由地形起伏产生，而SEM数值 模拟的合成图证实了该理论。同时，为深入理解地形特征对地震波转换机制的影 响，我们推导了自由界面起伏下的均匀半空间Rayleigh面波位移解析解。 另一方面，高频(1Hz)核反射震相是研究核幔边界的有效手段，我们基于表 示定理与射线理论发展了核幔边界起伏情形下的高频ScP合成图算法。正演测试 结果表明界面凹陷和隆起能够造成ScP的聚焦和散焦效应，并且日本东北部下方 核幔边界起伏度约1．2km的隆起模型可以较好拟合PcP／ScP观测值。然而，三维 速度结构以及D”层等因素也会造成ScP振幅的改变，因此，发展一种数值模拟 和射线理论的联合算法来研究复杂的三维结构具有广阔的应用前景。 关键字：自Eh．t也表核幔边界地形起伏表示定理Rayleigh面波ScP 万方数据 摘要 11 万方数据 AbstractABSTRACT Abstract ABSTRACT Geomorphological and seismological studies have illustrated all scale topography of free surface and core mantle boundary,which are Earth’s two most significant discountinities．The topography mechanisms are closely related to landscape evolution and mantle convections processes leading an extremely strong constrains on dynamic modelings． We report an observation of unexpected surface waves on LVC station from deep earthquakes occurred in Chile．The surface waves are identified as Rayleigh wave by arrival time，slowness and particle motion analysis．The location results suggest the S-Raylei曲conversion mechanism due to surface topography,and Spectral Element Method(SEM)numerical simulation confirms it．For better understanding ofthe effect of relief on converted Rayleigh waves，we derive analytical solutions of homogeneous half-space model with free surface topography． On the other hand，its usually eriective to resolve core mantle boundary features with short period(1 Hz)core reflected phases．We develop an algorithm based on ray theory and representation theorem to calculate short period ScP synthetics．Forward modeling tests prove that a dip and bump case would cause focusing and defoucing effects on ScP amplitude．Moreover，a bump CMB model with H=1．2km beneath northeastern Japan overall matches the observed pattern of 2D PcP／ScP amplitude ratios．However，we