陆地水关_碳酸盐_co_2_水生光合生物相互作用产生碳汇的重要性_英文_.docxVIP

Sci. Bull. (2015) 60(2):182–191 HYPERLINK / DOI 10.1007/s11434-014-0682-y Review Significance of the carbon sink produced by H2O–carbonate–CO2–aquatic phototroph interaction on land Zaihua Liu ? Wolfgang Dreybrodt Received: 17 June 2014 / Accepted: 10 September 2014 / Published online: 23 December 2014 ? Science China Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014 Abstract One of the most important questions in the science of global change is how to balance the atmospheric CO2 budget. There is a large terrestrial missing carbon sink amounting to about one billion tonnes of carbon per annum. The locations, magnitudes, variations, and mech- anisms responsible for this terrestrial missing carbon sink are uncertain and the focus of much continuing debate. Although the positive feedback between global change and silicate chemical weathering is used in geochemical models of atmospheric CO2, this feedback is believed to operate over a long timescale and is therefore generally left out of the current discussion of human impact upon the carbon budget. Here, we show, by synthesizing recent findings in rock weathering research and studies into biological carbon pump effects in surface aquatic ecosystems, that the carbon sink produced by carbonate weathering based on the H2O– Keywords Carbon sink · H2O–carbonate–CO2– aquatic phototroph interaction · Carbonate weathering · Biological carbon pump · Land aquatic ecosystem · Global change 1 Introduction One of the most important questions in the science of global change is how to balance the atmospheric CO2 budget [1–4]. According to Melnikov and O’Neill [3], there is a large terrestrial missing carbon sink as follows: The (terrestrial) missing carbon sink = sources (emissions from fossil fuels ? net emissions from changes in land use) - sinks (oceanic uptake ? atmospheric increase), i.e., 2.8 = 7.9 (6.3 ? 1.6) - 5.1 (1.9 ? 3.2) (all val