法律英语阅读完整版.docx

Unit 1 Legal Studies Notes 1. Law is regarded as a set of fixed principles…ignorance of which excuses no one, not even the less knowledgeable or less affluent members of society. 法律被认为是一整套固有的规则…不了解这套规则的人并不能因此而免除责任，即使他是这个社会中对此知之甚少，或并不那么富足的成员。 2. Law begins only when a coercive apparatus comes into existence to maintain control through enforcement of social norms. 只有在一种强制性的机构通过实施社会规范来维持控制时，法律才开始形成。 3. The control group need not be agents of a political entity. 控制集团不一定要是政治实体的代表。 4. Law as social engineering. Under this concept law is regarded as a means of social control which seeks to balance various competing conflicting interests and values within a society. 法律是社会的调节器。根据这个概念，法律作为社会控制的一种手段，力图将一个社会中各种纷争不同的权益和价值加以平衡。 5. to maintain the status quo in certain aspects of society. 维持社会某些方面的现状 6. to facilitate orderly change 有利于进行有序的变革 7. to facilitate planning and the realization of reasonable expectations 有利于计划和实现合理的预期目标 8. Courts will not turn to case decision for law if a statute is directly in point.. 如果某一成文法条直接适用，法院不会到判例中去寻找法律依据。 9. A person or a body whom legislation power is delegated cannot, as can Parliament, make law about anything. 被授予立法权力的人或机构不能像议会那样对任何事情都有立法权。 10. Most delegated legislation is published as statutory instrument. 大多数的授权立法是以制定法式的文件颁布。 Reading1 note p16 Ⅳ. Phrase Translation 1. 各种相互冲突的利益 various competing conflicting interests 2. 实体法和程序法 substantive law and procedural law 3. 公法和私法 public law and private law 4. 法律的功能 function of law 5. 法的渊源 sources of law 6. 社会规范的总和 the sum of social norms 7. 国家强制力 compulsory state power 8. 刑事司法体系 criminal justice system 9. 防止不规范 prevent non-conformity 10. 维持现状 maintain status quo Ⅴ. Sentence Translation 1. 在普通法系的国家中，法律不仅包括宪法和成文法，在一些司法管辖中，判例法也可能成为有约束力的法律的一部分 In the Common Law counties, law not only includes constitution and statutes, in some jurisdictions, case law may also become part of the body of law ha