严肃游戏应用与设计.PDF

严肃游戏应用与设计 人计算游戏 徐迎晓 xuyingxiao@126.com 复旦大学软件学院 案例1：ESP游戏 • ESP （Extra Sensual Perception） ESP （Extra Sensual Perception） ESP Game • A new interactive system in the form of a game with a unique property: the people who play the game label images for us. • 用途 1. 有视觉障碍的人上网时可听到对图片的描述 2. 研究计算机视觉者可用大量有标签的图片训练机器学习算法 3. 图片搜索 4. 图片过滤 5. 个性化推荐（New） • 效果： – 5,000 people continuously playing the game could assign a label to all images indexed by Google in 31 days. Design Issues • Incremental success • Pass • Diversity • Ensure the quality of the labels When is an Image “Done”? 玩家数目不够？ • Cheating, 系统级解决方法是： 1.将不同地方的人配在一起，随机匹配，碰巧匹 配到身边的人概率小 2.记录IP地址，匹配者的IP地址必须不在不同网 段 3.系统检测到存在massive agreement strategy后， 放入大量的pre-recorded game-play，等尝试 cheating者放弃后，再逐步减少pre-recorded game-play 1.如何检查massive agreement strategy？—— 计算平均时间 Selecting the Images • blank images • images that consist of a single color, • images that are smaller than 20 pixels on either dimension, • images with an aspect ratio greater than 4.5 or smaller than 1 / 4.5 • Misspelling • Context-Specific Labels • Inappropriate Content EVALUATION • 如何证明玩家喜欢？ • 如何证明Label的质量好？ • Usage Statistics • 4个月内，A total of 13,630 people played the game during this time, generating 1,271,451 labels for 293,760 different images. Over 80% of the people played on more than one occasion (i.e., more than 80% of the people played on multiple dates). Furthermore, 33 people played more than 1,000 games (this is over 50 hours of playing !). • The average number of labels collected per minute by a pair of individu