丁香属两种植物花芽分化形态发育及其生理基础的研究果树学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 本文以紫丁香和什锦丁香为研究材料，采用石蜡切片法研究两种丁香花芽分化的 形态学过程，同时对其花芽分化过程中花芽及其叶片中激素含量、核酸含量、营养物 质含量的变化规律进行了分析，确定了两种丁香花芽分化的时期和进程及两种丁香花 芽分化过程中激素、核酸、营养物质与花芽分化之间的相互关系。本研究主要结果如 下： 1．生理分化期：紫丁香生理分化期为5月末到7月中旬，约50天左右。什锦丁香生 理分化期为6月初到7月末。 2．紫丁香和什锦丁香的花芽形态分化过程均分为8个时期，即未分化期，开始分化 期，总苞分化期，花蕾原基分化期，花萼分化期，花瓣分化期，雄蕊分化期，雌蕊分 化期。 3．在花芽孕育阶段，紫丁香花芽中可溶性糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白质及核酸含量都大 量积累，在花芽形态分化初期四项指标含量均下降，在花芽形态分化后期四项指标均 有所上升。在花芽孕育阶段，什锦丁香叶片中可溶性糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白质及核酸 含量都大量积累。 4．紫丁香花芽在生理分化期总核酸含量持续增长，在形态分化初期总核酸含量下降。 核酸代谢模式为：RNA双峰，DNA单峰，RNA／DNA比值双峰。什锦丁香叶片中总核酸 含量变化趋势与紫丁香相似，其总核酸含量高峰比紫丁香晚一周，核酸代谢模式为： RNA单峰，DNA双峰，RNA／DNA比值双峰。 5．在紫丁香和什锦丁香花芽分化过程中，叶片中高含量的ZRs和ABA促进花芽形成。 高比值的ZRs／IAA有利于花芽孕育和花芽形态的分化。高比值的ABA／IAA、ABA／GA 有利于花芽形态的分化。 关键词：紫丁香；什锦丁香；花芽分化；形态发育：生理基础 内蒙古农业大学硕士学位论文 内蒙古农业大学硕士学位论文 1 Study on Morphological and Basic Physiological Evolution of Floral Bud Differentiation in Two Kinds of Syringa Spp． Abstract Syringa Oblata and Syringa Chinensis Will were used as experiment materials in study．The morphological progress of flower bud differentiation was studied by the method of paraffin section and changes of hormone content，nutrient content and nucleic acid content were analyzed in the floral bud differentiation．It determined the period and process of flower bud differentiation and the relations between hormone，nutrition，nucleic acid and flower bud differentiation of two kinds of Syringa spp．The experiment results were as follows： 1．Physiological differentiation stage：physiological differenfiation stage of Syringa Oblata Was from May to July，about fifty days．Physiological differentiation stage of Syringa Chinensis Will WaS from June to July． 2．The flower bud differentiations of two kinds of Syfinga spp．were divided into eight stages，including vegetative phaSe，initial differentiation phase，involumcmm differentiation phase，inflorescence primordium differentiation phase，sepal differentiation。phase，petal differentiation phase，stamen differentiation phase and pistil differentiation phase． ．3．In the stage of flower bud breeding of Syringa Oblata,the