加工中心自动换刀系统设计说明书.doc

PAGE III 摘要 加工中心是现代机械加工中用得最多的设备之一，而自动换刀装置作为加工中心的核心部件，一直处在不断改进之中。本课题要求设计一台小型加工中心的刀库及自动换刀装置。本次设计分为两大部分。首先，主要针对目前机床上常用的几种类型的刀库（鼓盘式刀库、链式刀库、格子盒式刀库等）进行了比较分析，最终选用链式刀库结构，选择伺服电机驱动，采用蜗杆蜗轮装置减速，并完成了链条的选择和链轮的设计计算。另外，选择双臂单爪机械手结构，对其运动作了详细的分析，最终将换刀运动分解为手臂的伸缩，手架的伸缩和回转三个动作。全部采用液压系统进行控制。在合理选用液压缸之后，绘制出了液压系统控制图、机械手动作原理图，基本完成了自动换刀装置的设计工作。 关键词：伺服电动机驱动；链式刀库；机械手换刀；液压系统控制  Abstract Processing Center is a modern mechanical processing equipment used in one of the largest and automatic tool change device as the core parts processing center, has been in the continuous improvement of. The topics designed a small knife processing center for devices and automatic tool change. The design is divided into two parts. First of all, the main view of the current machine, commonly used for several types of knives (knives drum disc library, the chain knife, knife lattice cassette library, etc.) a comparative analysis, the final choice of the chain knife structure, choice of servo motor Driver, a worm worm deceleration devices, and completed the chain and sprocket of the choice of design and calculation. In addition, the choice of single-claw manipulator arms structure, its movement made a detailed analysis will eventually ATC campaign for the decomposition of the telescopic arm, hand-stretching and rotating the three movements. All the hydraulic system used to control. A reasonable choice of hydraulic cylinders, to map out plans of the hydraulic control systems, mechanical hand movements schematics, basically completed the installation of automatic tool change the design work. Keywords：The servo motor actuates; Chain knife storehouse; The manipulator trades the knife; The hydraulic system controls 目录 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract Ⅲ 1 绪 论 1.1 本课题的来源、目的及意义 (1) 1.1.1 课题的来源………………………………………………………(1) 1.1.2 本课题研究的目的………………………………………………(1) 1.1.3 本课题研究的意义………………………………………………….(1) 1.2 课题背景及国内外研究现状 (2) 1.3 本课题研究的主要内容 (3) 2 刀库及换刀机构总体结构设计 2.1 刀库的结构设计 (3) 2.1.1 方案分析比较……………………………………………………(3) 2.1.2 刀库容量的确定…………………………………………………(6)