六岁儿童乘员下肢碰撞响应及损伤机理研究车辆工程专业论文.docxVIP

ABSTRACTThere ABSTRACT There is a“cause．and．effect’’relationship between the science of vehicle safety development and human body injury biomechanics．Vehicle safety is one of the most important factors to be considered frst in vehicle product development process．The safety performance of a vehicle，not only does it need to meet or exceed the requirements ot government vehicle safety regulations，but also need to satisfy costumer’S wants and exDectations．In recent years，the wide range uses of seat belt and airbag have changed the distribution and spectrum of occupant injuries during vehicle crashes．Head and chest injuries have been better protected，but lower extremity injuries still tended to be increased instead of reduced．Currently,there is a lack of research in lower extremity impact injury for child occupants．Accordingly，based on previous studies，the current research applies finite element method to develop a high biofideltic lower extremity model of a six-year old occupant and uses this model to simulate impact injuries． The geometric data of the model was based a standing position．These data were reconfigured to a seating position by referring to the test procedures specified in FMVSS2 1 3，ECE R44 and C．NCAP,as well as current standard of car seat for a six‘year old child．The adj usted angles were ensured to follow the anatomical and physiological changes of a six．．year old from a standing to a seating position．Muscles and ligaments interfering due to the configuration changes were also readjusted．Finite element meshes were created from the reconfigured geometric data．The model included long bones，knee ioint，muscles，ligaments and skin．It possesses high biofideltic geometry and Can be used to study injury mechanisms of lower extremity of a six·year child during vehicle crashes． The model was used to study injury mechanisms under various lower extremity impact conditioas of the six．year old．There are some differences of the long bones and the knee j oints betwee