空心莲子草与底充氧技术对中华绒螯蟹扣蟹稻田养殖水质的改善.pdfVIP

研究了安装有底充氧设备和不安装底充氧设备的稻田扣蟹养殖水体的水质温 度、溶氧、pH、浊度和水体中氨氮、亚硝氮含量。底充氧塘和非底充氧塘的水体 温度均从6:00 以后持续上升，至16:00时水体温度分别达到最高值30.5℃、32.1 ℃；随后水体温度从16:00持续下降，至翌日6:00时水体温度均降至最低值28℃； 底充氧塘和非底充氧塘的溶氧、pH的变化趋势相一致，且与其相对应的温度变化 趋势相一致，但底充氧塘和非底充氧塘的浊度变化趋势不同，时间段主要集中在 12:00－16:00；底充氧塘溶解氧的昼夜变化范围是3.80mg/g－7.92mg/g，非底充氧 塘的溶解氧的昼夜变化范围是3.18mg/g－11.45mg/g，这很好地说明了底充氧设备 加强了池塘水体上下水层的流动，维持了水体溶解氧的稳定。底充氧塘pH值的昼 夜变化范围为6.83－8.27，非底充氧塘pH值的昼夜变化范围为7.12－8.91，说明 底充氧塘水体的pH 的变化幅度小，更适宜扣蟹的生长。另外，底充氧塘和非底充 氧塘养殖水体中所含氨氮、亚硝氮含量的变化趋势也基本一致；底充氧塘氨氮、 亚硝氮含量及其昼夜变化范围分别低于非底充氧塘氨氮、亚硝氮含量及其昼夜变 化范围，这也说明了底充氧设备对维持水体水质的重要性。 关键词：稻田；空心莲子草；中华绒螯蟹；底充氧技术；水质；日变化； III 万方数据 AqueousImprovementforJuvenileE.sinensiscultureby Alternantheraphiloxeroides andBottomAerationinPaddy FieldPond Abstract Toassayroles ofaquaticplantsandbottomaerationsystemsinpaddyfieldponds, water quality factors were measured during the culture season ofjuvenile E. sinensis. Th resultsindicatedAlternantheraphiloxeroides ishelpfulinstabilizingaqueouswater temperature, dissolvedoxygen andpH inpaddy filedpond; increasinginfloralprotein and starc strengthens; enhancing ATPase activity. Meanwhile, bottom aeration improvestheculturalwaterquality. 1. Changesinwaterqualityfactorandfloralnutrients Thewater temperature was less than 24 ℃ during June, then speedup to more than27 ℃ lastingduringJulyandAugust,finalslowlydownto20 ℃ fromJuly27to October.Thewaterdissolvedoxygenwasmainlydependedontemperatureandclimate. Soluable protein and starc contents in July were lower than those in June. The minimumofsolubleproteinwas 16.49mg/gonAugust31;andthemaximumvaluewas 36.11mg/gonJune27. 2.Thediurnalvariationofaquesousfactors