英语语法词性和句子成分.pptVIP

英语基础语法复习巩固 其他词性缩写 c = 可数名词，countable noun的缩写 u = 不可数名词，uncountable noun的缩写 pl = 复数，plural的缩写 vi = 不及物动词，intransitive verb的缩写 vt = 及物动词，transitive verb的缩写 一、词性的分类 一、词性的分类 词类又叫词性（part of speech），英语单词根据其在句子中的功用，可以分十个大类。 1 名词 noun n. 2 代词 pronoun pron. 3 形容词 adjective adj. 4 副词 adverb adv. 5 动词 verb v. 6 数词 numeral num. 7 冠词 article art. 8 介词 preposition prep. 9 连词 conjunction conj. 10 感叹词 interjection interj.  you 你 happy 高兴的 three 三 quickly 迅速地 student 学生 cut 砍、割 a 一个 at 在... and 和 oh 哦   pron. adj. num. adv. n. v. art. prep. conj. interj. (感叹词) Ex. Write down the part of speech of the following words: 十大词类 名词----------表示人或事物的名称 形容词-------表示人或事物的特征 副词----------修饰动词、形容词、或其他副词 动词----------表示动作或状态 代词----------代替名词、数词 数词----------表示数量或顺序 冠词----------限制名词的意义 介词-------表示名词、代词和其他词的关系 连词-------连接词与词或句与句 二、英语句子成分 （一）主语：一个句子所叙述的主体，表示句子所说的是：“什么人”或“什么事物” 1. We often speak English in class. 2. Smoking does harm to the health. 3. The rich should help the poor. 4. It is necessary to master a foreign language. 1.一般位于句首或谓语之前。 Is your father a lawyer or a doctor ? Has she got a big flat ? Shall we have a swim with your friends ? 2. 疑问句的主语在系动词、助动词、情态动词之后 Sit down, please. Come in, please. 3. 祈使句中主语常省略 Gone are the days when farmers live in the poor houses. No sooner had she given him a welcome than she went in to prepare him a meal. Only in this way can we solve the problem. There is a clock on the wall. Once there lived a king called Lear. There goes the bell! 倒装句的主语在系动词、助动词、情态动词之后 There be结构中主语在be动词之后 （名词） （代词） （数词） （动名词） （从句） 1. One-third is produced. 2. Running does good to the health. 3. When we are going to have an English tes