高温高压下表面活性剂的界面行为研究化学工程与技术专业论文.docxVIP

摘要本论文建立了表面活性剂溶液浓度测定的两相滴定法和紫外可见分光光度 摘要 本论文建立了表面活性剂溶液浓度测定的两相滴定法和紫外可见分光光度 法；利用界面张力仪测定不同浓度表面活性剂溶液的表面张力，并确定了表面 活性剂的临界胶束浓度(CMC)值；考察常温常压及高温高压下表面活性剂在 油水两相中的分配、在固体介质表面的润湿性及吸附等胶体界面化学性质和其 影响因素。研究结果对高温高压泡沫驱的现场应用具有指导意义。 表面活性剂具有独特的结构，表现出特殊的界面性质及在一定浓度可形成 胶束的特性。表面活性剂在液液体系、液固体系中的分配规律，对其驱油性能 具有重要意义。研究表明，十二烷基苯磺酸钠、工业长链烷基苯磺酸盐、渣油 磺化物等表面在油水两相中的浓度比随着油水比的增大而减小；在油水比、表 面活性剂溶液浓度不变时，浓度比随温度的升高而降低；同一温度和油水比下， 当表面活性剂浓度增大时，浓度比反而减小。 采用浓度减差法，研究工业长链烷基苯磺酸盐、渣油磺化物在河南油田地 层砂上的静态吸附规律：在CMC浓度处吸附达到最大值，之后吸附量略有下 降，趋于稳定。采用岩芯驱替仪对表面活性剂在地层砂上的动态吸附量进行了 测定，发现表面活性剂在地层砂上的动态吸附量远远小于静态吸附量。 利用自制的毛细上升装置测定提纯后的十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液的润湿性， 发现表面活性剂溶液浓度达到临界胶束浓度时在石英砂上具有最佳润湿性；利 用接触角测量仪测量十二烷基苯磺酸钠、工业长链烷基苯磺酸盐、渣油磺化物 等在临界胶束浓度附近润湿角最小。并计算了三种表面活性剂在高岭土、石英 片上的粘附功，结果表明粘附功并不随润湿角变小而变大。 关键词：表面活性剂，临界胶束浓度，浓度比，吸附，相对润湿角 high high temperature and pressure Zhang Zhuo(Chemical engineering) Directed by Zhang longli(Associate Professor) Abstract This paper adopted two—phase titration and ultraviolet spectrophotometry which Can measure the concentration of surfactants solution．The interfacial tension of surfactant solutions were measured，and the critical micelle concentration(CMC) value Was determined．Under atmospheric or under high temperature and pressure， distribution of surfactants in water-oil two phases，the wettability and adsorption on solid medium surface were studied，which was helpful for foam flooding field． Surfactant had unique structure characteristics，showing particular interface properties，and could form micelle at certain concentration．So，distribution would follow the special law．The ratios between concentrations in water and oil phase，for SDBS，ABS(alkyl benzene sulfonate)and sulfonated residue were studied．With the increase of water-oil proportion，the concentration ratio reduced．Along with the rising of temperature，the concentration ratio reduced also．Along谢tll the increasing of concentration，concentration ratio becomed largely． Static adsorption isotherms of ABS and sulfonated resid on Henan reservoir have been studied by using solution concentration