大学生场认知方式对图形推理影响的眼动研究基础心理学专业论文.docxVIP

摘要图形推理是是一种重要的认知形式，它不仅受认知因素的影响， 摘要 图形推理是是一种重要的认知形式，它不仅受认知因素的影响， 还与个性有一定关系。场认知方式，是一种重要的个体差异变量，也 是人格结构的重要维度之一，它是影响图形推理的一个重要心理变 量。为了探讨不同场认知方式大学生图形推理中的差异，以及不同场 认知方式图形推理的解题策略差异，本文采用眼动实验，用眼动仪记 录被试图形推理的各项眼动指标，进而分析他们之间的差异。 根据镶嵌图形测验成绩，从高分组和低分组中分别选取18名被试 参加眼动实验。眼动实验采用2×2两因素混合实验设计，场认知方式 包括场依存和场独立两个水平，图形推理题的难度包括简单和复杂两 个水平，前者为被试间设计，后者为被试内设计。眼动实验材料从瑞 文标准推理测验中选取，共12题。 实验结果表明，场认知方式和题目难度对图形推理测验成绩的主 效应显著；从眼动轨迹的整体分析看，场依存型和场独立型被试在总 注视时间、注视次数等眼动指标方面的差异并不显著，但从兴趣区的 分析结果看，场独立型被试在题干部分的注视时间占总注视时间的比 例、注视次数占总注视次数的比例显著大于场依存型被试，在选项部 分的注视时间和注视次数显著少于场依存型被试，场独立型被试的解 题策略更加有效。 关键词：场认知方式，场依存，场独立，图形推理，眼动， AbstractFigure Abstract Figure reasoning is an importallt cognitiVe style， it is not only af．fected by cognition，but als0 af-fected by personality．Field cognition mode is an important Variance of indiVidual dif五eI．ence，and it is one of important dimensions of personality stllJ鼍mre too． It is an important perSonality Variable which afIfects the figu沱reasoning leVel．Are there di艉rences between field dependent and field ind印endent students during figure reasoning?Are there difIf．erences of the strategies solving problem betⅣeen th锄?In Order to review the ef-fect of the cognitive style and the dif五culty of figure reasoning on each index of eye moVements，we car巧on the eye moVement experiment by Eyel ink II． Through embedded-figure—test way，1 8丘eld dependent and 1 8 field ind印endent students are chosen丹om the university smdents． Expe五mental design is two mixed e)【perimental design including one f．actors repeated．7I’11at is 2(field?—dependence／ind印endence)×2(dif|[iculty of tasl(s)．’I’11e first factors is called the between-subIjects design，the second factors is called the within—subjects design．The experimental IIiatedals are chosen疔om RSPM．CR． 7I’11e experiment indicated that：There is signincant dif．ference on total score in the figure reasoning 锄ong subj ects of the di f．ferent cognitiVe style groups． Field independent students have the most n adVantages adVantages oVer field dependent students．Wit