动物血红素运输通路的研究进展-中国细胞生物学学报.PDFVIP

网络出版时间：2018-06-27 16:29:18 网络出版地址：/kcms/detail/31.2035.Q1629.016.html 中国细胞生物学学报 Chinese Journal of Cell Biology 2018, 40(7): DOI: 10.11844/cjcb.2018.07.0075 动物血红素运输通路的研究进展 张利阳 陈才勇* (浙江大学生命科学学院, 杭州 310058) 摘要 血红素作为一种含铁卟啉化合物, 是血红蛋白、细胞色素、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物 酶等众多蛋白质的辅基。绝大多数动物自身能够合成血红素, 供给氧气运输、电子传递、信号转 导等代谢活动, 多余的血红素由血红素加氧酶降解。此外, 动物体内存在特定的分子通路负责血红 素的吸收、外排、利用及其在细胞间和组织间的转运。近年来, 研究人员利用小鼠、秀丽隐杆线 虫等模式动物, 发现了猫白血病病毒C亚型受体(feline leukemia virus subgroup C receptor, FLVCR)、 血红素感应基因1(heme responsive gene 1, HRG1)等多个血红素转运蛋白, 同时还建立了一系列感 应和检测细胞内血红素的技术。这些研究有力推动了对血红素运输通路的认识, 对深入了解细胞 物质运输及机体生命代谢具有重要意义。该文综述了动物细胞血红素运输机制的研究进展, 总结 了近年来出现的血红素研究技术方法并对热点问题和研究方向进行了探讨。 关键词 血红素; 稳态调控; 运输; 转运蛋白; 感应与检测 Unravelling the Mechanisms of Cellular Heme Trafficking in Animals Zhang Liyang, Chen Caiyong* (College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China) Abstract Hemes are a class of porphyrin cofactors that are required for the function of many proteins in- cluding hemoglobin, cytochromes, catalases, and peroxidases. Most animals can use glycine, succinyl CoA, and ferrous iron as substrates to synthesize heme, while excess heme is degraded by hemeoxygenases. Cellular and or- ganismal heme homeostasis in animals is also maintained by specific trafficking pathways. In recent years, studies using mouse and worm as the genetic models have led to the discovery of a number of heme transporters including FLVCR and HRG1. These studies, together with the development of new t