社会排斥理论视角下的残疾儿童研究-中国残疾人联合会.PDFVIP

/ 理论研讨/Theoretical Discussion 社会排斥理论视角下的残疾儿童研究* ■解韬 谢清华 【摘要】 社会排斥这一概念具有丰富的内涵，不同时期不同学者各有界定。综合来看， 社会排斥是指社会弱势群体由于自身生理心理因素和社会环境因素交互作用而被推至社会 边缘地位的一种机制和过程，它是造成弱势群体社会支持缺失的根源。当某一个人或群体 一旦被社会建构为残疾儿童，观念排斥、交往排斥、教育排斥及环境排斥就会如影随形。 社会排斥产生的原因在于传统社会文化、医学模式的残疾观和“恩赐”式的慈善观。消除 对残疾儿童的各种社会排斥，是社会整体行动，需要社会各方面力量的协调配合。 【关键词】 残疾儿童 ； 社会排斥 ；社会融合 A Research on Disabled Children from the Perspective of Social Exclusion Theory XIE Tao, XIE Qing-hua 【 】There are rich connotations in the concept of social exclusion and many different Abstract definitions by scholars and in different times. Generally speaking, social exclusion refers to the mechanism and process in which social vulnerable groups are pushed to the edge of the society by self-physiological psychological factors and socio-environmental factors. It is the root cause of the loss of social support for the social vulnerable groups. When a person or a group of people are constructed by the society as disabled children, they will definitely face exclusions in the areas of conception, exchanges, education and environment. Social exclusion is rooted in the traditional culture. Removal of social exclusion toward the disabled children is an integrated action of the society. Coordination and cooperation of all aspects of the society are needed. 【 】Disabled children; Social exclusion; Social integration Key words [ 中图分类号 ]C913.69 [ 文献标识码 ]A [ 文章编号 ]2095-0810(2014)15-0016-05 引言 受到的社会排斥，以期为我国当前残疾儿童问题的研 当前，针对我国弱势群体问题，学术界展开了大 究提供新的分析范式。 量研究，但研究者往往从弱势群体的自身与历史找原 因，认为弱势群体问题出现的原因主要是自身的缺陷、 1 概念诠释 资源占有的匮乏及历史的积贫积弱。有学者虽然认识 1.1 社会排斥 到因为社会制度安排有问题才导致弱势群体在市场竞 从社会排斥的学术视角来看，正式明确提出社