基于NEC方案数字机顶盒的设计与实现-通信与信息系统专业论文.docxVIP

Classified Index: U.D.C: Dissertation for the Master Degree of Engineering THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMETATION OF STB IN NEC PLATFORM Candidate: Jiang Ming Zhe Supervisor: Associate Prof. Fan BinWen Academic Degree Applied for: Master of Engineering Specialty: Communication and Information System Affiliation: Shenzhen Graduate School Date of Defence: December, 2006 Degree-Conferring-Institution: Harbin Institute of Technology 哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文 哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文 - - I - 摘 要 电视机顶盒(STB)是一种电视终端的接口设备。其功能包括将数字编码 的视频信号和音频信号转化为模拟电视机能够接收的标准电视信号(PAL、 NTSC), 接收和发出用户的控制命令。从某种程度上说, 其功能和计算机的 调制解调器相类似。 本文基于 NEC 公司提供的解决方案, 对机顶盒的软硬件技术进行了介 绍, 特别是对软件的平台进行了重点的介绍, 因为这是了解整个工作环境的 基础 , 然后又介绍了 MIPS 指令体系 , 并在这个基础上完成了机顶盒的 Loader 和 Flash 文件系统两个模块。 Loader 模块是嵌入式系统软件的最底层, 它是上电后启动运行的第一个 程序。在 Loader 模块的设计中先初始化 Flash 和 DRAM, 然后建立内存空间 的映射图, 接着判断是否需要更新或者下载, 最后再初始化硬件和软件, 把 控制权交给内核。 在 Flash 文件系统的设计中, 除了完成基本的对 Flash 的操作如读写擦 除, 还在实现层增加了改进的设计, 可以提高 Flash 的使用寿命, 同时提高了 机顶盒的运行效率。 本文所研究的内容是机顶盒的底层的模块, 但是对于上层应用程序的运 行效率以及稳定性有很大的影响。 关键词 数字电视；机顶盒； Loader；Flash； - - II - Abstract STB is a kind of interface equipment of TV terminal. The expected function lies in transferring the video and audio signal of digital coding to standard TV signal (PAL, NTSC) which simulated TV sets can receive as well as receiving and sending orders of control of customers. To some extent its function is similar to modem of the computer. This paper, based on the solving plan offered by NEC, first introduced the software and hardware technology of STB and then paid special attention to the platform of software which is the foundation of understanding the whole working environment. Afterward the thesis introduced MIPS instruction system and finished two modules of Loader and Flash document system of STB on this basis. Module of Loader is at the bottom of embedded OS software and also the first program of operation. In the design of module of Loader, both Flash and DRAM are initialized and image of memory space is established. Then the program should