熔盐电化学的新进展.pptVIP

Thermogalvanic cell Two identical reversible electrodes held at different temperatures and connected by a fused electrolyte containing the potential-determining ions will generate a thermo e.m.f whose magnitude depends first and foremost on the temperature difference and on the nature of the element HTMS for Energy Conversion Thermogalvanic cell It directly converts heat to electricity using the thermoelectric effect It is attractive for efficient utilization of industrial exhaust heat or geothermal water. Cell operation at a large temperature difference is beneficial because of limitation by Carnot efficiency High temperature molten salts are promising electrolytes for thermogalvanic cells HTMS for Energy Conversion 熔盐电化学的新进展The Development of Electrochemistry of Molten Salts 高炳亮 内容 熔盐体系 室温熔盐(room temperature molten salt, RTMS) 高温熔盐( 200oC) 熔盐电解新工艺 熔盐电池 室温熔盐（RTMS) 也称为室温离子液体（room temperature ionic liquid, RTIL） A compound composed entirely of ions that exists in its liquid state at temperatures around 298K and below high thermal stability, nonvolatility, high polarity, large viscosity, high intrinsic conductivity, wide electrochemical windows K.R. Seddon estimate that, if binary and ternary mixtures are included, there are approximately one trillion (1018) accessible room temperature ionic liquids. Review of RTMS Alkylammonium nitrate, [EtNH3][NO3], which has a melting point of 12 oC, was first described in 1914! In the late 1970s, the field of modern ionic liquid chemistry took off when they were envisaged as lower-temperature alternatives for the molten alkali halide salts used as electrolytes in thermal batteries. Throughout the 1980s, ionic liquid-based research was primarily of an electrochemical nature as these materials were employed as alternative solvents in which to explore the redox properties of a whole host of different inorganic, organometallic, and organic compounds. With the advent of more air- and moisturestable RTILs however, the use of ion