基于超长指令字的ASIP设计与实现-电路与系统专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘要 摘要 在数字信号处理的应用中，采用传统的通用处理器(GPP, General Purpose Processor)或者专用集成电路(ASIC，Application Specific Integrated Circuit)难以同时 兼顾灵活性和高效性方面的要求。专用指令集微处理器(ASIP, Application Specific Instruction set Processor)结合了 GPP 的可编程特性和 ASIC 的高速性，逐渐成为在 硬件实现时一个新型的研究领域。 在处理器结构中，超长指令字(VLIW，Very Long Instruction Word)结构即具有 支持较高的指令级并行性的能力，又能够用较为简单的控制逻辑实现，在数字信 号处理领域得到了飞速的发展。本文设计了基于超长指令字的 ASIP，包括硬件功 能的设计和软件功能的设计： 硬件方面，设计并实现了一个基于超长指令字的 ASIP，并且阐述了基于超长 指令字 VLIW 的 ASIP 指令集和各个处理单元的结构设计；设计了处理器的流水线 结构，使用相关技术解决了流水线中的数据相关和控制相关等问题，提高了处理 器的工作频率。 软件方面，设计并实现了对应汇编器的，阐述了汇编器的设计方法和流程， 并且在汇编器中添加了寄存器重命名和指令调度技术，成功地提高了指令级并行 性。 关键词：专用指令集处理器 超长指令字 流水线 汇编器 A Abstract Abstract In the application of digital signal processing, the traditional digital signal processor (GPP) and application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) cannot meet the requirements of high-flexibility and high performance. Application Specific Instruction Set Processor (ASIP) combines the high processing speed of ASIC and the programmability of GPP. In recent years, ASIP has become a new study field of hardware implementation. The processor based on Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW) architecture not only has an advantage of exploiting the instruction level parallelism (ILP) of the applied software, but also can be implemented with simply control logic units. Because of these advantages, it has got rapid development in the field of digital signal processing. This paper designs an Application Specific Instruction Set Processor based on Very Long Instruction Word structure, including its hardware and developing software: In terms of hardware, the design and implementation of an Application Specific Instruction Set Processor based on VLIW is proposed. The design of its instruction set and the design its processing unit structure is also discussed in detail; a 4-stage processor pipeline structure is used, and related technology to resolve the problems of data related hazards and program control related hazards of pipeline is adopted. With the above desig