消化腺及泌尿殖系统.PDF

消化腺及泌尿殖系统 Digestive Glands Urinary System 唾液腺 (Salivary Glands) ▪腮腺(parotid gland) ▪舌下腺(sublingual gland) ▪下颌下腺(submandibular gland) 肝(The Liver) 肝门(Porta Hepatis) ▪肝固有动脉 (hepatic artery proper) ▪肝门静脉 (hepatic protal vein) ▪肝总管 (common hepatic duct) 肝段(Segmentation of the Liver) ▪格林森系统(Glisson System) ▪肝静脉系统(Hepatic Venous System) 肝外胆道(Extrahepatic Bile Ducts) ▪左、右肝管 (left right hepatic ducts) ▪肝总管 (common hepatic duct) ▪胆囊(gallbladder) ▪胆囊管(cystic duct) ▪胆总管 (common bile duct) Extrahepatic Bile Ducts Hepatopancreatic Ampulla 胰(The Pancreas) ▪肝胰壶腹(hepatopancreatic ampulla) 泌尿系统(Urinary System) 泌尿系统 (URINARY SYSTEM) 组成(The Composition) ▪肾(kidney) ▪输尿管(ureter) ▪膀胱(urinary bladder) ▪尿道(urethra) 肾(The Kidney) ▪位置(location) - 左肾：T11-L2 - 右肾：T12-L3 ▪肾区(renal region) 肾的毗邻(Relations of Kindey) ▪前(anteriorly) - 左肾：脾、胰、胃、结肠左曲 - 右肾：肝、十二指肠降部、结肠右曲 ▪后(posteriorly) - 上：膈、第12肋 - 下：腰大肌、腰方肌、腹横肌 肾的被膜 (Covers of the Kindey) ▪纤维囊(fibrous capsule) ▪脂肪囊(adipose capsule) ▪肾筋膜(renal fascia) ▪肾周脂肪(perirenal fat) ▪肾旁脂肪(pararenal fat) 肾的外部形态(The External Features of Kindey) ▪肾门(renal hilum) ▪肾