金钱鱼HUFA合成关键酶基因的克隆、功能鉴定及营养调节-海洋生物学专业论文.docxVIP

汕头大学硕 汕头大学硕士学位论文 Abstract Abstract PAGE PAGE IV PAGE PAGE III 的表达水平极低或难以检测到。这说明，肝脏、脑和眼可能是金钱鱼 HUFA 合成的主要部 位。 4. 采用 Real-time PCR 方法检测以不同脂肪源饲料养殖的金钱鱼肝脏/眼中的 HUFA 合 成关键酶基因的表达水平。结果发现，与鱼油饲料组鱼(对照组)相比，各植物油(含不同比 例豆油和苏籽油)饲料组鱼的去饱和酶及碳链延长酶的基因表达水平都有上调，说明植物油 能促进其 mRNA 表达。 综上所述，本研究从金钱鱼中克隆到三个 HUFA 合成关键酶基因，即 Δ6fad、elovl5 和 elovl4。这些基因在肝脏、脑和眼等组织中的表达水平较高，说明其可能是金钱鱼 HUFA 合成的主要部位。饲料植物油对 HUFA 合成关键酶基因的 mRNA 表达水平具有上调作用。 研究成果为鱼类 HUFA 合成系统的多样性增加了新的资料，对于丰富鱼类营养学、特别是 分子营养学内容等具有较重要的理论意义和学术价值，为进一步研究鱼类 HUFA 合成的分 子调控机制提供基础。 关键词：金钱鱼， HUFA 合成代谢，碳链延长酶，脂肪酸去饱和酶，营养调控 Abstract Highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) usually refer to the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) with more than three double-bonds and twenty carbons. Physiological-active HUFA mainly includes ARA, EPA and DHA, which are necessary fatty acids for fish’s normal growth and development. Generally, freshwater fish is thought to have the ability of bioconverting linoleic and α-linolenic acids into HUFA, while marine fish is thought to be low ability or inability in HUFA biosynthesis. Recently, our group demonstrated, for the first time, that the marine herbivorous teleost Siganus canaliculatus had the ability of HUFA biosynthesis. Meanwhile, we also cloned the gene encoding Δ4 fatty acyl desaturase (fad) from this fish, which was the first report in any vertebrates. Now all the key genes involved in HUFA biosynthesis have been cloned from S. canaliculatus, which lays a foundation for the deep study of regulatory mechanisms of HUFA biosynthesis. In this study, we cloned the genes of key enzymes involved in HUFA biosynthesis, identified their functions, analyzed their tissues distribution features and nutritional regulation in another euryhaline teleost Scatophagus argus. So as to know whether S.argus, which is also herbivorous and shares a close evolutional relationship with rabbitfish, possesses the similar HUFA biosynthesis system as rabbitfish. The results are as follows: With the methods of RT-PCR and RACE, a gene (cDN