香榧假种皮中主要化学组成的研究.PDF

第46卷第4期 生摇 物摇 质摇 化摇 学摇 工摇 程 Vol.46 No.4 2012年7月 Biomass Chemical Engineering July2012 ·研究报告———生物质天然活性成分 · 香榧假种皮中主要化学组成的研究 * 李冬梅,古研,赵振东 ,王婧,毕良武 (中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所;生物质化学利用国家工程实验室;国家林业局林产 化学工程重点开放性实验室;江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210042) 摘摇 要:研究了新鲜香榧假种皮中所含的挥发油、溶剂提取物、单宁物质、非单宁物质、木质素等主要化学组分及其含量。 测定了新鲜原料中的挥发性精油的提取率及密度、折光率、比旋光度等物理化学性质。 结果表明,新鲜的香榧假种皮精 油提取得率按绝干物计算为5.5%,提取精油后残渣用溶剂甲苯提取的收率为19.7%。 精油中主要含单萜类化合物, 含量74.66%;残渣甲苯提取物主要含二萜类物质,含量78.22%;新鲜香榧假种皮中含有1.8% 的单宁物质、18.9% 的非单宁类物质、20.1% 的木质素;水蒸气蒸馏残渣和溶剂抽提残渣中含木质素分别为17.13% 和17.16%。 关键词:香榧假种皮;化学成分;提取物;木质素 中图分类号:TQ351摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 文献标识码:A摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 文章编号:1673-5854(2012)04-0022-05 Main Chemical Compositions in Aril of Torreya grandis LI Dong鄄mei,GU Yan,ZHAOZhen鄄dong,WANGJing,BI Liang鄄wu (Instituteof Chemical Industry of Forest Products,CAF;National Engineering Lab.for Biomass Chemical Utilization;Key and Open Lab.of Forest Chemical Engineering,SFA;Key Lab.of BiomassEnergy and Material,Jiangsu Province,Nanjing210042,China) Abstract:The volatile oil,solvent extract,tannin,non鄄tannin,lignin as well as their contents in fresh aril of Torreya grandis were studied in this paper. The yield,density,refractive index,specific rotation and non鄄volatile mater content of volatile oil fromfresh aril of T. grandis were determined. The results showed that a volatile oil was collected from steam distillation of the fresh aril of T. grandis in5.5 % (based on the dry matter),and atoluene extractivewas gainedfrom the residue after volatile oil distillation in 19.7% (bytoluene). Thevolatileoilcontainedmainlymonoterpene,andthesolventextractcontainedmaninly diterpene. In fresh aril of T. grandis,thecontentsof tanninmaterial,non鄄tanninmaterial andligninwere 1.8 %,18.9 %